i()i6 



iinil the results from inoculations leave 

 no doubt tliat the leaf lesions described 

 above were due to Bacillus amylo- 

 voriis." 



The important new fact is the defi- 

 nite establishment of the occurrence of 

 leaf lesions, so we must now add this 

 as one of the known ways in which 

 fire blight manifests itself. This will 

 not bring a message of cheer to those 

 who are engaged in the fight with this 

 disease. Even with the most careful 

 removal of cankers and twig blight 

 infected leaves may be left behind. 

 The removal of all of these infected 

 leaves would be out of the question. 

 Possibly many cases of reappearance 

 of blight after careful cutting may be 

 due to the bacteria which have per- 

 sisted in these infected leaves. Two 

 very important questions concerning 

 these leaf infections remain for further 

 investigation. Do leaf infections take 

 place through the stomata and water- 

 pores or are insect punctures or other 

 wounds necessary? While the evi- 

 dence is in favor of an independent 

 entrance of the organisms through the 

 epidermis, the proof is still lacking. 

 To what extent do the bacteria advance 

 down the leaf petiole and into the twig, 

 thus causing twig blight? That they 

 do this to some extent seems certain, 

 but the frequency of this behavior is 

 of importance. It is hoped that the 

 work of another season will give new 

 light on these points and I trust we 

 may have the benefit of observations 

 made by fruitgrowers in various por- 

 tions of the state. 



BETTER FRUIT 



Page 23 



Where the Names Come From 



Cherries were introduced into Europe 

 70 B. C, bv Eucullus from Kerasunt in 

 the Black Sea. 



Damson Plums originated at and were 

 named after Damascus. 



Gooseberries are called in Germany 

 .lohannis-beeren or Johns berries, be- 

 cause they ripen about the feast of St. 

 John. .St. John is called in Holland St. 

 Jan, and the fruit there is called Jans- 

 beercn, which long ago was corrupted 

 info Gansbeeren, the literal translation 

 into English being gooseberry, as Gans 

 in German signified goose. 



Greengage Plums originated near a 

 monastery in France near Fontainbleu. 

 Scions were taken by the Rev. John 

 Gage to his brother. Sir Thomas Gage, 

 who had them grafted on trees in the 



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