November, ipip 



BETTER FRUIT 



Page 7 



Another View of the Beetles Colonizing. They 

 on the trunk of the tree and also at its 



them in the Blalock orchards. These 

 ladybugs quickly scattered and some 

 of them were found eating aphis the 

 next day. On the second day a few 

 fresh egg patches were found, which 

 were evidently laid by the ladybugs 

 liberated two days before. During the 

 next few days a considerable number 

 of ladybugs were observed on woolly 

 aphis. However, large numbers were 

 found on potatoes and weeds. They 

 seem to prefer the naked aphis to the 

 woolly ones. 



Reports from Other Sections. 

 Twenty-two three-pound cages were 

 sent to other parts of the state. Four 

 were liberated by Mr. Andrus in Clarks- 

 ton. Regarding them Mr. Andrus writes 

 that according to Fred Ranson and Mr. 

 Steininger the aphis did little damage 



this season, and 



credit for this was 



given the ladybird 



beetles. Four cages 



were sent to Mr. 



Wills at Wawawai. 



Mr. Wills states 



that he thinks they 



were a great help 



in controlling the 



aphis, as he found 



them at work in 



all the trees that 



had aphis. Two 



cages were sent to 



Mr. Darlington in 



Wenatchee. Mr. 



Darlington writes 



that he cannot give 



anything of any 



particular value on 



the ladybird bee- 

 tles because there 



was very little 



trouble from aphis 



in any part of the 

 Wenatchee district this year 

 quite noticeable, however, that where 

 aphis did appear ladybugs were there in 

 plenty to keep them in control. On the 

 other cages that were sent out we have 

 no data to indicate whether they were 

 a help in controlling the aphis or not. 

 Conclusions. 

 As a result of our experiments with 

 the ladybird beetles during the past 

 year we conclude that: 



1. September or October is the best 

 time to collect them. However, it might 

 be possible to collect them during a 

 period of about ten days in April. 



2. The best method of storing is in 

 small boxes with dry excelsior and 

 about three pounds in each box, the 

 boxes being screened on two sides and 

 kept in cold storage at 40 degrees. By 



can be seen 

 foot. 



Box of Ladybird Beetles Ready to Be Transported to 

 Cold Storage. 



It was 



this method 98 per cent can be brought 

 through the winter in good condition. 



3. Common storage or outdoor stor- 

 age is fairly satisfactory if the beetles 

 are liberated about the first of April. 



4. They should be liberated about the 

 first of April or early enough in the 

 spring so that the eggs will be hatching 

 before the aphis begin multiplying 

 rapidly. 



.5. Although there maybe several other 

 important reasons why there were so 

 few aphis this year, the ladybugs were 

 undoubtedly a large factor in keeping 

 them in control. 



0. The practice of storing ladybird 

 beetles and liberating them in the spring 

 should be continued and more data col- 

 lected to prove that they control the 

 aphis. 



Planting and Growing the Loganberry and Its Future 



IN the past few years and particularly 

 during the last two years the logan- 

 berry has come to be recognized as 

 one of the most valuable bush fruits 

 that can be raised, and, like the Holstein 

 cow in the dairy world, is probably the 

 best all-purpose berry that is now 

 grown. The demand for it is becoming 

 very great and it is now being exten- 

 sively planted. 



The loganberry will grow almost any- 

 where in Western Oregon, Western 

 Washington and California, but is 

 especially adapted to the Willamette 

 Valley. As you go farther south in 

 Oregon the climate is a little too warm 

 and dry to obtain the best results with 

 it, although it will grow on almost any 

 soil as do other berries. It thrives best, 

 however, on a heavy clay loam or rich 

 river bottom sandy soil. I do not 

 recommend light sandy soil for the 

 best results. A great deal of our prairie 

 soil where it has good water drainage 

 is well adapted to the loganberry and 

 some of the best patches we have are 

 to be found in these locations. Also we 



By C. M. LafoUette 



have some very good fields in the foot- 

 hills, but as you get higher up the ber- 

 ries are inclined to dry out in the hot 

 months. 



The loganberry will not thrive in cold 

 climates. When the mercury drops be- 

 low 10 degrees above zero the vines 

 will perish. The best time to plant 

 loganberries is in the spring, usually 

 during the month of April, or as soon 

 as you can get good, strong plants and 

 the soil is in the proper condition. 

 They may also be set in May with good 

 results. The plants should be from four 

 to six inches high before planting. It 

 requires fi08 plants, set eight feet each 

 way, or 775 plants set seven by eight 

 feet apart, to plant an acre. They 

 should be set about eight feet in the 

 rows, with the lows from seven to 

 eight feet apart. I believe, however, 

 that setting the rows seven feet apart 

 is equally as good, as it makes more 

 shade for the ground and also has the 

 advantage of giving one-seventh more 

 rows on the same space of ground. 



After being set, the following fall or 



winter the vines should be trained up. 

 For this we use from three to four 

 wires No. 12 size. Three wires will do 

 very well, but four are much better. 

 The bottom wire should be placed about 

 eighteen inches from the ground and 

 the top wire from four to five feet 

 above the ground, the latter distance 

 being preferable for heavy soil. The 

 rows should always be planted to run 

 north and south if it is practicable, as 

 it divides the sunlight on both sides of 

 the row. In training the vines they 

 should be distributed equally over the 

 wire and trained as tightly as possible, 

 so as not to allow them to be baggy or 

 in bunches. A well trained patch has a 

 great advantage in being cultivated, or 

 at picking time. Picking usually com- 

 mences about the 20th of June when the 

 season is normal. Most of the berries 

 are gathered by women and children, 

 and as the loganberry season comes be- 

 tween the other fruit harvesting sea- 

 sons pickers are usyally plentiful and 

 make good wages. 

 When the berries are harvested. 



