Page 10 



BETTER FRUIT 



June, ig20 



it is certain that the bee does not punc- 

 ture a sound fruit as lias been supposed. 

 %\'hen fruits are worked by bees, an 

 opening has previously been made by 

 some bird or wasp or by decay. Thus 

 the bees take up the work begun by an- 

 other or afforded them through some 

 other agency. Many orchardists have 

 mentioned this to the writer who at the 

 same time give due credit to the bee 

 for the good she accomplished. It has 

 also been the writer's privilege to dispel 

 this idea through experimentation and 

 by reference to high authorities who 

 refute the cliarge against the l)ee. It 

 should be borne in mind that the jaws 

 of the bee are smooth and rounding 

 and quite unfit to make an opening in 

 a sound fruit. On the other hand, the 

 jaws of the wasp are perfectly equip- 

 ped for puncturing and opening fruit. 

 In order to substantiate that bees are 

 unable to puncture sound fruit, the 

 writer has suspended a sound but over- 

 ripe peach and pear in front of the 

 entrance to a colony. These never- 

 theless remained untouched, even dur- 

 ing a scarcitv of nectar in the fields. 



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The Interrelation of Spraying and 

 Beekeeping. 



While the value of the honeybee as 

 an agenl in the distribution of pollen 

 has bee 11 emphasized, it would be re- 

 miss t(i fail to mention correct spraying 

 practices. To spray any plant while in 

 flower, more especially fruit trees 

 while in bloom, offers baneful results. 

 It is the old story of killing the goose 

 which lays the golden egg. Many col- 

 onies are either damaged or lost at the 

 time of spraying, through poison de- 

 posited in the nectar cups of the flow- 

 ers. If the loss is not apparent at the 

 time, a colony may be so crippled as to 

 preclude its successful wintering. It 

 is now conceded by high authorities 

 that spraying in fruit bloom is injuri- 

 ous not alone to the bee but to the 

 flower. Any solution strong enough to 

 kill the codling moth larvae may be 

 harmful to the delicate reproductive 

 organs of the flower. In erroneously 

 spraying during fruit bloom the sup- 

 posed aim has been to kill the codling 

 moth. The eggs are usually laid on the 

 foliage of the young shoots. The larvae 

 hatch and travel ultimately to the young 

 fruit. There they either burrow 

 through the side of the fruit or usually 

 through the calyx end into the core. 

 Since these larvae of the codling moth 

 are not hatched and present in the blos- 

 soms, it is a faulty method to try to kill 

 them by sprays during the blooming pe- 

 riod, especially since the spray may 

 injure the setting of the fruit. More- 

 over, this poison may effectually be dis- 

 tributed over the foliage and into the 

 calyx cups at any time within ten days 

 after two-thirds of the petals have 

 dropped. It should be borne in mind 

 that it is the eating of the poison and 

 not the contact with it which kills the 

 codling moth. 



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Some states have enacted laws pro- 

 hibiting spraying during fruit bloom, 

 and have imposed penalties for their 

 violation. To the intelligent fruit 

 grower no such prohibition should be 

 needed, as reason and judgment would 

 dictate otherwise. Beekeepers and fruit 

 growers all should strive in every way 

 possible to spread this information con- 

 cerning the time and kind of spray, and 

 the reasons and seasons for spraying. 

 ^^Tlile it may be quite impossible to 

 regulate and restrain individuals, yet 

 it may be suggested that contract spray- 

 ers should be licensed in order to con- 

 trol or make certain that their methods 

 conform to existing laws and customs. 

 To the beekeepers it is a pitiable sight 

 to see struggling, half-paralyzed worker 

 bees staggering about the hive entrance 

 and crawling up the grass blades un- 

 able to enter the hive. This is a violent 

 shock to the colony. 



Horticulturists, fruit growers and 

 beekeepers must unite for mutual bene- 

 fits to prevent the uncalled-for sacri- 

 fice of the honeybee. Similarly, every 

 means that ingenuity can devise to im- 

 prove the breed and management of 

 bees should be adopted. Every possible 

 provision should be made for housing, 

 feeding and manipulating, especially 

 before and after the fruit and garden 

 bloom. 



More bees and better bees, more 

 trees and better trees! This will insure 

 increased production of both fruits and 

 honey. 



The planting of linden or basswood 

 trees, beloved by bees, is especially to 

 be recommended for shade along the 

 street and the highway, or as an orna- 

 mental tree in parks and on estates for 

 forest plantations. It is of quick 

 growth, symmetrical, with smooth bark. 

 The wood is highly valued for lumber. 

 It produces honey of exceptional qual- 

 ity and in abundance, which comes at 

 a time of scarcity of nectar in most 

 sections. The recommendation of the 

 planting of this tree is inspired by a 

 desire to increase its prevalence, there- 

 by promoting beekeeping. Any ad- 

 vantage which it offers to the bee re- 

 bounds to the mutual good of the horti- 

 culturist, fruit grower and beekeeper. 

 To one who has heard the incessant 

 hum and medley of song of the honey- 

 bee flitting among the blossoms of the 

 linden tree on a July day no descrip- 

 tion by pen or spoken word is adequate. 

 As a final word, the testimony of 

 farmers in the vicinity of the writer's 

 apiary is convincing even to the most 

 skeptical as to the value of bees. This 

 testimony has always been favorable 

 and given without solicitation. There 

 was but one answer to a physician who 

 inquired the reason for the abundance 

 of fruit in the orchards and occasional 

 fruit trees in the vicinity of the writer's 

 apiary, while in more remote sections 

 of the town there was a noticeable 

 scarcity of fruit. The favored district 

 profited by the faithful work of the 

 writer's honeybees. 



WHEN WRITING ADVERTISERS MENTION BETTER FRUIT 



