20 FORESTRY [BoT. Absts., Vol. IX, 



and regards him as one who limits the activities of the people and dictates the forest policy 

 as well as having police authority. These activities must be developed by experience and 

 often work to the disadvantage of the inexperienced. The technical phases of forestry should 

 also be emphasized, and the public should know that minor technical details often result in 

 great savings to the community. With a thorough training in the handling of timber sales 

 and the importance of technical administration, the forester is equipped to conduct the busi- 

 ness of the forest, even in opposition of public sentiment because he knows the result will 

 be for the common good. — In the second part special emphasis is placed on the importance of 

 a knowledge of wood-using industries, logging, milling, and, above all, timber appraising. 

 Uniformity in timber prices for all purposes and advertisement of prices is advocated. — 

 J. V. Hofmann, 



136. Cardot, E. La question sylvo-pastorale. [Forests and grazing.] Rev. Eaux et 

 Forets 58: 323-329. 1920. — Individxial trees, and still more groups of trees, are beneficial to 

 grazing in mountainous regions because they break the force of the winds, moderate 

 extremes of temperature, increase the relative humidity of the air and the formation of dew, 

 decrease evaporation, and favor the propagation of the best forage plants. Trees are also 

 necessary in such regions for the production of both timber and fuel. Difference of opinion 

 exists as to whether trees, either singly or in groups, are more beneficial when scattered 

 through the grazing areas or when segregated into distinct stands confined to the more ex- 

 posed and least favorable sites and not open to grazing. The author adheres strongly to 

 the latter view, and believes that the use of forests for grazing is detrimental to the best 

 development of both trees and forage. France has so far paid too little attention to this very 

 important problem, often with disastrous results. — S. T. Dana. 



137. [Christy, Miller.] "Wistman's Wood." Jour. Botany 59: 74-75. 1921.— This 

 is a reprint of an article by Christy in Proc. Linn. Soc. It is an account of an ancient grove 

 of gnarled trees of Quercus pedunculata, in Dartmoor. Many accounts of this wood have been 

 written. Perhaps the earliest was that of Tristram Risdon just 3 centuries ago. — K. M. 

 Wiegand. 



138. Clerc, Jean. Foret communale de Champagney. [Communal forest of Champag- 

 ney.] Bull. Trimest. Soc. Forest. Franche-Comte et Belfort 13: 212-215. 1920.— The 

 communal forest of Champagney has been managed consistently since 1824 as coppice under 

 standards with a rotation of 28 years. That part of it known as Terre aux Saints is about 

 70 per cent oak and 30 per cent beech and other species. It was heavily overcut during the 

 war but still has some fine reserves. — S. T. Dana. 



139. CoLLEY, Reginald H. The effect of incipient decay on the mechanical properties of 

 airplane timber. [Abstract.] Phytopathology 11: 45. 1921.— Tests of sound and decaying 

 wood of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis Carr.) and Douglas fir (Pseudoisuga mucronata Sudw.) 

 showed that incipient decay produced by Fomes pinicola, F. laricis, and Polyporus Schweinit- 

 zii weakened the timbers very markedly, while pieces infected with Trametes pini were as 

 strong or stronger than sound wood. — B. B. Higgins. 



140. Coventry, B. O. Progress report of forest administration in the Jammu and Kash- 

 mir State for 1917-1918. 77 p. Lahore, 1920. — The usual annual report is presented. At 

 the close of the year the total of all classes of forests was 9,495 square miles of which 8,859 

 were demarcated. It is stated that natural regeneration in the coniferous forests is only fairly 

 satisfactory but varies considerably in different localities. In the Chir pine forests natural 

 regeneration is usually very prolific provided the forests are protected from fire. Natural 

 regeneration of deodar is good in the Lolab forest but not so satisfactory in the forests of the 

 Kishenganga valley. On bare hill sides natural regeneration of blue pine is very conspicuous. 

 In the broad-leaved forests natural regeneration from coppice shoots is usually satisfactory 

 provided the areas after being felled are protected against cattle. Formal statistical state- 

 ments for the year are appended. — E. R. Hodson. 



