No. 1, August, 1921] FORESTRY 23 



155. Greve. Vorschlage zur Geschaftsanweisung fiir preussische Staatsoberforster. 

 (Duties of Prussian State Oberforsters.] Zcitsclir. Forst- u. Jagdw. 52: 129-140. 1920.— 

 A comparative discussion of the duties of Prussian Oberforsters as set forth in the regulations 

 of 1S70 and what should now be regarded as their complete line of work. — Joseph S. Illick. 



156. GuRTU, S. K. Forests and irrigation: A plea for scientific preservation and growth 

 of state forests and special cultures. Agric. Jour. India 16: 32-39. 1921. 



157. GuYOT, Ch. Pour la personnalite civile de I'Ecole Nationale des Eaux et Forets. 

 [Making the National School of Waters and Forests a civil body.] Rev. Eaux et Forets 58: 

 351-352. 1920. — The law of August 5, 1920, made the agricultural colleges of the country civil 

 bodies ("persons"), and provided that in all their acts as such they should be represented 

 by a director and administered by a council. These provisions should be extended to the 

 National School of Waters and Forests, which is now nearly 100 years old and which could 

 make good use of the rights and privileges accorded by such a status. — S. T. Dana. 



158. Hauber. Der Riickgang der Vegetationsgrenzen in den Alpen und ihre Bedeutung 

 fiir die Almwirtschaft. [The retreat of the vegetation limit in the Alps and its significance for 

 the dairy industry.] Forstwiss. Centralbl. 42: 436-443. 1920.- — The retrogression of the upper 

 limits of vegetation in the eastern Alps, and the decline or disappearance in many places of 

 the dairy industry which formerly depended upon the high-mountain pastures, is due partly, 

 perhaps, to climatic changes, but more to the acts of man. The cutting of alpine forests for 

 timber, and the burning of brush-covered areas to improve pasturage, exposed the alpine 

 meadows to the winds, with the result that grass and practically all other plant growth 

 gradually disappeared. Overgrazing by cattle and, later, more serious overstocking with 

 sheep, prevented reproduction of the trees, necessary to shelter the meadows, and also in- 

 jured the forage cover, so that many areas which once supported abundant stock have become 

 barren wastes. These conditions can be remedied only by establishing protective belts of 

 brush and trees,— a long and costly task.^ — W. A. Sparhawk. 



159. Heck. Kahlschlagwirtschaft am Hochgebirge. [Clearcutting methods on mountains.] 

 AUg. Forst- u. Jagdzeitg. 95 : 260-263. 1919. — A critical discussion of the possibilities of natural 

 regeneration on mountain slopes. The advantages and disadvantages are discussed. Several 

 experimental cuttings are cited. — Joseph S. Illick. 



160. Helbig, Maximilian. Zusammengefasste Ergebnisse der Karlsruher Stickstoflfdxing- 

 ungsversuche mit Fichten, ihre Bewertung und Stellung zu fremden Versuchsergebnissen. 

 [Results of nitrogen fertilizer experiments with spruce.] Forstwiss. Centralbl. 42: 262-267. 

 1920. — The results of experiments in fertilizing spruce nursery stock, 1907-1917, are summar- 

 ized. Full fertilization (potash, basic slag, and nitrates) applied to 2-year transplants 

 produced greater height growth than partial fertilization (nitrates only) or no fertilization; 

 and the effect persisted, although to a lesser degree, with another application of the fertilizers 

 when the trees were transplanted at 4 years of age. On the other hand, fertilized transplants, 

 set out in the open without fertilizer when 4 years old, grew more slowly than those not 

 fertilized in the nursery bed, and at the end of the 8th year had lost their early gains and 

 were shorter than the partially or unfertilized ones. Relative weight of root-sj'stem was less 

 in the completely fertilized plants, but needle weights were about the same. The foliage of 

 fertilized plants was of a deeper green color but apparently no healthier than that of the others. 

 Transplanting reduced the height growth of both fertilized and unfertilized plants. The 

 conclusion is reached that fertilization of young spruce with nitrates alone is not profitable, 

 but that complete fertilization is advantageous in cases where tall planting stock is desired 

 at an early age. — The author's results do not entirely agree with those of Moller and 

 Albert.— IF. A^ Sparhawk. 



161. Hielscher. Zur natiirlichen Verjiingung. [Concerning natural regeneration.] 

 Deutsch. Forstzeitg. 36: 2-3. 1921. — Arguments for and against the use of natural reproduc- 



