26 FOKESTRY [BoT. Absts., Vol. IX, 



solve the commercial problem of transportation around the Alaskan coast." This vast 

 contribution of driftwood eventually comes to rest chiefly on the coast of arctic America and 

 the islands west of Greenland. A recent explorer reports finding fuelwood abundant 200-300 

 miles on either side of the Mackenzie River delta. — E. R. Hodson. 



173. Kreutzer, E. Reinertragslehre und Honlingertheorie. [The theory of net rentals 

 and Honlinger's theory (for forest valuation).] Oesterreich. Forst.-u. Jagd. Zeitg. 38: 35-36. 

 1920. — The 2 theories are discussed and it is shown how Honlinger attempts by mere juggling 

 of equations to prove the correctness of his method. The author concludes that both theories 

 are incorrect; the 1st because it does not allow for all the elements which go to make up the 

 forest capital, and confuses costs of management and costs of maintenance in its formula; 

 the 2nd because it is based on a false formula for soil value, due to the conception that the net 

 yield represents rental on the soil capital only rather than on the whole forest capital. — 

 W. N. Sparhawk. 



174. KuNKELE. Die Umwandlung der reinen Kiefernbestande im Pfalzerwald. [Con- 

 version of pure pine stands.] Forstwiss. Centralbl. 42: 2S1-292. 1920. — The forests of the 

 Palatinate cover about 150,000 hectares. In the 16th century they were composed mainly 

 of oak and beech, with small amounts of pine, fir, and other broad-leaved species; now pine 

 occupies more than half the area. The pine is shorter than in other parts of Germany and 

 does not grow in such dense stands; therefore, it is desirable, in order to maintain good soil 

 conditions and to increase the yield of wood per hectare, to mix other tolerant species with 

 the pine. The present time is particularly favorable for making this change, because the 

 abnormal demand for timbers and fuel wood allows extensive silvicultural operations in the 

 stands of pole size. Methods for accomplishing the desired result in various sorts of pole 

 stands, as well as in mature stands, are described. — W. N. Sparhawk. 



175. Langdon, Ladema M. Identification of mahoganies. [Rev. of: Dixon, H. H. 

 Mahogany, the recognition of some of the different kinds by their microscopic characteristics. 

 Notes Bot. School Trinity Coll. Dublin 3 : 3-58. 23 pi. 1919 (see Bot. Absts. 3, Entry 2017).] 

 Bot. Gaz. 69: 189-190. 1920. 



176. Leete, F. A. Report on forest administration in Burma for year ended June 30, 

 1919. 315 p. Rangoon, 1920. — ^An annual report with statistical data, including also a review 

 of the preceding quinquennium. The past 5 years have witnessed a growing interest in silvi- 

 cultural problems. Whereas, previously, the mixed and uneven-aged character of the forests 

 was held to make it impossible to break away from the diffused method of working known as 

 the "selection system," it is today generally recognized that there are immense practical 

 possibilities in artificial regeneration, and that it need no longer be confined to small areas 

 in a few specially favorable localities. The size of the areas clear-cut in any one place need 

 simply to be limited bj^ the amount of ground that can by covered with young forest growth 

 by artificial means. This makes possible profitable use of mechanical methods of extraction 

 of timber to a far greater extent than could have been hoped for with the old diiTused method 

 of working,- — a great step forward in the development of Burma's forests. "Utilization" 

 also is undergoing great expansion. The industrial activity in India, caused by the war, 

 has attracted the attention of many to the commercial potentialities of Burma's forest pro- 

 ducts. The paper pulp industry is at last progressing, many tanning materials are under 

 investigation, and wood distillation is receiving attention. Some results have been obtained 

 in box-making, indicating successful use of ply^vood for the purpose. Plans are being drawn 

 up for the organization of a Forest Research Institute for the province. A modern drying 

 kiln has been ordered from America to aid in the solution of the numerous problems connected 

 with seasoning. The all-important problem of the mechanical extraction of timber from the 

 forests has recently been studied in America, where such extraction is most highly developed, 

 by the Chief Conservator, and an American forest engineer has just arrived in Burma to assist 

 in advising on extraction methods. Two new Conservatorships, — one for research and one 

 for utilization,^ — have just been created. At the close of the year the total area of reserved 



