No. 1, August, 1021] FORESTRY 29 



Upper Palatinate, is attributed to plant and animal enemies, principally the heather, — v/hich 

 temporarily suppresses the young trees,— l)lif!;ht, and various leaf-rollers. Various methods 

 of improving soil conditions have been tried in order to keej) down the heather and enable the 

 trees to resist the other enemies. The best results were obtained by grubbing out the heather, 

 or by sowing broom, larch, or possibly Pinus slrobus among the young trees. No benefit 

 resulted from loosening the soil by blasting, from application of various fertilizers, from 

 intersowing of lupine, jntch j)ino, or jack pine, or from modifying the silvicultural system bo 

 as to give the advance reproduction a start over the heather.- — 11'. A'. Sparhawk. 



185. MoLDENHAWER, K. Enskinnet Jernbane. [Monorail.] Dansk Skovforenings Tids- 

 skr. 6: 10-25. Fig. S. 1021.— Kevie^v of article in Dutch by Professor Tk Wechel. A de- 

 scription of a monorail for transporting logs from the woods. It consists of 1 ordinary rail 

 laid on posts set in the ground; a wheel running on this rail carries a balanced carrier of logs 

 on each side of the rail line. This method is in general use in. Java. Its advantages are that it 

 is cheaply constructed, does not require wide clearings or bridges, the grade is obtained by 

 having posts longer or shorter according to the lay of the ground, and logs are readily carried 

 over rough groimd and across creeks, roads, and natural depressions. The speed of the loads 

 can be controlled by a brake.#-/. A. Larsen. 



186. MoLLER. Kiefer-Dauerwaldwirtschaft. [A continuous method of handling Scotch 

 pine.] Zeitschr. Forst- u. Jagdw. 52: 4-41. 1920.- — Twenty-nine years of experimenting 

 (1SS4-1913) on the forest of Barenthor near Dobritz shows conclusively that an individual 

 selection tree method or a small group selection method of natural regeneration of Scotch 

 pine gives better results than any clear-cutting method. The new method improved the site- 

 quality from an average of site-quality 4 to an average of site-quality 11, and brought about 

 an increase in increment, yield, and growing stock. The author states that clear-cutting 

 methods are unnatural and interfere with the stability of the forest organism. Individual 

 stem and small group selection methods maintain a natural forest condition and insure the 

 highest possible increment per cent with the highest possible and most valuable growing stock, 

 and therefore with the best possible forest management. — Joseph S. Illick. 



187. MtJLLER. Forstliche Mitteilungen aus dem preussischen Soiling. [Forestry facts 

 from Soiling, Prussia.] Zeitschr. Forst- u. Jagdw. 52: 247-262. 1920.— Chapters 6 and 7 

 of a continued article on forestry in Soiling. Norway spruce stands are discussed. Estab- 

 lishment of stands by seeding have been successful and economical. Planting of seedlings 

 costs 140 marks per hectare while successful establishment by seeding costs only 78 marks. 

 Mound planting is recommended for clear-cut areas of hardwoods.- — Joseph S. Illick. 



188. MtJLLER. Gedanken iiber die Barenthorener Wirtschaft. [Thoughts about forest 

 management on the Barenthor forest.] Zeitschr. Forst- u. Jagdw. 52: 296-301. 1920. — A 

 review of Oberforstmeister Moller's conclusion concerning the natural regeneration of 

 Scotch pine in comparison with results of artificial regeneration.- — Joseph S. Illick. 



189. Neumeister. Nonnengefahr fiir Sachsen. [Danger of Nun moth in Saxony.] Thar- 

 ander Forst. Jahrb. 72: 62-64. 1920.^ — The Nonne, or nun moth, did considerable damage to 

 forest trees in Saxony in 1906 and 1912. In 1920 it appeared again in such large numbers in 

 several forest districts bordering Bohemia that special steps must be taken to hold it in 

 check.' — Joseph S. Illick. 



190. Parchmann, W. Die Smaliansche Formal fiir Inhaltsberechnung von Stammen 

 und die Beurteilung derselben durch einige seiner Zeitgenossen. [Estimating tree volume 

 by Smalian formula.] Allg. Forst- u. Jagdzeitg. 95: 109-111. 1919. — A critical discussion of 

 the academic and practical advantages and disadvantages of Smalian's formula for computing 

 the volume of tree stems. — Joseph S. Illick. 



