No. 1, August, 1921] MORPHOLOGY AND TAXONOMY, FUNGI, ETC. 55 



366. Reinking, Otto A. Higher Basidiomycetes from the Philippines and their hosts 



III. Philippine Jour. Sci. 16: 527-537. 1920. [See also the following entry and tlie2 pre- 

 ceding ones.] 



367. Reinking, Otto A. Higher Basidiomycetes from the Philippines and their hosts 



IV. Philippine Jour. Sci. 17: 363-37-1. 1920. [See also the o preceding entries.] 



368. Seaver, Fred J. Photographs and descriptions of cup-fungi — IX. North American 

 species of Discina. Mycologia 13: 07-71. PL 4- 1921. — The genus /Jiscina is described and 

 is interpreted as including large cup-fungi which have appendiculate spores. Four species 

 are recognized and described, including D. apiculata (Cooke) Seaver, comb, nov., and D. 

 convoluta Seaver, sp. nov. — //. R. Rosen. 



369. Speare, a. T. Massospora cicadina Peck — a fungus parasite of the periodical cicada. 

 Mycologia 13: 72-82. PI. 5-6. 1921. — An extensive mycological study of the fungus, 

 including both the conidial and resting spore stages. It is shown to belong to the Ento- 

 mophthorales. — H. R. Rosen. 



370. Stone, R. E. Leaf scorch or mollisiose of strawberry. [Abstract.] Phj^topathol- 

 ogy 11 : 44. 1921. — A leaf disease of strawberries, serious in certain parts of Ontario, Canada, 

 is due to Marssonina Potentillae. This fungus has been proved to be the conidial stage of 

 Mollisia Earliana (E, & E.) Sacc. — B. B. Higgins. 



371. Weiss, Harry B., and Erdman West. Additional fungous insects and their hosts. 

 Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington [D. C] 34:59-62. 1921. — A list of insects found on various fungi 

 is given. — J. C. Oilman. 



372. WoRMALD, H. On the occurrence in Britain of the ascigerous stage of a "brown-rot" 

 fungus. Ann. Botany 35: 125-135. PI. 6-7, fig. 1-9. 1921.— The author describes a 

 Sclerotinia found on mummified plums. Cultures from single ascospores gave conidia of 

 the Monilia cinerea type. The spores agreed in size with those produced in culture from 

 conidia taken from plums naturally infected with M. cinerea. Inoculations on plum flowers 

 and fruit and cherry fruit with conidia obtained from cultures gave infection, while inoculations 

 on apple flowers were not followed by invasion of the flowering spurs. Inoculations with 

 a strain of Manilla isolated from a dead flowering spur of apple gave ready invasion of the 

 flowering axis. The fungus is referred to Sclerotinia cinerea (Bon.) Schroter. The author 

 also compares the brown-rot Sclerotinias and concludes that the Monilia strain obtained 

 from North America is very similar to the gray Monilia common in Britain, but differs from 

 the latter in its mode of growth in culture. Strains of Monilia from plum obtained in France 

 and Holland proved similar in form to those in Britain. The American Sclerotinia appears, 

 therefore, to be a distinct species, or at least a form culturally distinct from the European 

 Monilia cinerea Bon. The Sclerotinias occurring on apricots and cherries in Europe show 

 no essential morphological dilferences. Further study is needed to determine whether they 

 are culturally or biologically distinct. — W. P. Eraser. 



LICHENS 



373. Church, A. H. The lichen as transmigrant. Jour. Botany 59: 7-13, 40-46. 1921.— 

 In a previous paper (see Bot. Absts. S, Entry 477) the author has suggested that lichens, 

 or at least the fungous part, have arisen from algal ancestors. In the present paper it is 

 pointed out that the intrusion of algal gonidia is not an unusual phenomenon, as the intrusion 

 of photosynthetic as well as non-photosynthetic bodies occurs in a great many aquatic animals 

 and plants. Many examples are given. It is the fungus which must be considered in phy- 

 logeny. Instead of flagellated zooids, the ancestors of the Ascomycetes probably had an open 

 hymenium with asci discharging their spores by hydrostatic tension; the perithecium is more 

 recent. Numerous small ascocarps, as in most lichens, is a more primitive condition than 



