202 GENETICS [BoT. Absts., Vol. IX, 



the cross Williams X Early Ripe. The average percentage of germination for all groups was 

 47.31. Of the 493 seedlings, 459, or 93.1 per cent, were permanently planted and of these 425 

 are living at the end of the 13th year; they represent S6.2 per cent of the germinations and 92.6 

 per cent of the seedlings permanently planted. — A 2nd table gives details of fruit descriptions, 

 showing distribution as to form, size, color, flavor, and season. Regarding shape and length, 

 illustrations are drawn from the table showing "that it was not so much a matter of either 

 parent transmitting most of its characters, but that rather certain factors or characters in 

 certain varieties were the dominant ones and were transmitted regardless of which parent 

 the certain variety happened to be." Critical study of color transmission is deferred, "but 

 in general it can be seen that the factor or factors which carry color (red, pink, or carmine) 

 are dominant over the factor or factors carrying yellow." "In this case again the fact that 

 red color seems to be dominant, appears to be more important and significant than the question 

 of whether the male or female parent is the more prepotent in this respect." Of 19 seedlings 

 from 2 yellow parents, — Yellow Transparent X Early Ripe, — 1 bore a red-striped fruit and 1 

 a solid red fruit indicating that the parents, one or both, are heteroz3'gous for color. — None of 

 the parent varieties bear sweet fruits, but several seedlings with sweet fruits appear in several 

 crosses. "These are not very numerous, however, and probably the factors carrying sweet- 

 ness are recessive. In nearly every case there are higher percentages of acid to sub-acid 

 fruits than there are of mild sub-acid or nearly sweet. This holds again regardless of which 

 parent is the male or female and suggests that the factor or factors which carry acid or sub- 

 acid are dominant over those carrying mild sub-acid or nearly sweet flavor." — "The range of 

 the ripening period did not extend over two weeks on either side of the ripening period of the 

 parents and, in general, most of the seedlings of a certain cross ripened during the same period 

 as the parents." — Of the 166 seedlings 24, from 6 crosses, are recorded as very promising, and 

 11 additional ones, from 3 of these crosses, are reserved for further testing. The very promis- 

 ing seedlings are: Yellow Transparent X Williams, 6 of 29; Yellow Transparent X Red June, 

 2 of 14; Yellow Transparent X Early Ripe, 1 of 19; Williams X Early Ripe, 4 of 35; Williams 

 X Yellow Transparent, 10 of 51; and Early Ripe X Yellow Transparent, 1 of 13. — In 1907 

 seedlings from open-pollinated fruits were grown as follows: From Yellow Transparent 148, 

 Williams 89, and Earlj^ Ripe 9. Ninety of these had fruited and 1 each from Yellow Trans- 

 parent and Williams were recorded as promising. [See also Bot. Absts. 9, Entry 785.] — 

 C. S. Crandall. 



1294. Babcock, E. B. Bud selection and the frequency of mutations. Proc. Amer. 

 Soc. Hort. Sci. 17:40-44. 1920 [1921]. Bud variations in horticultural plants are discussed 

 and it is pointed out that very little is known concerning the frequency of their occurrence. 

 Both species and varieties, however, are known to differ in regard to the frequency with which 

 bud mutations occur, and therefore it may be expected that more variations will occur in 

 certain fruit trees lUce the citrus than in the deciduous fruits. Examples are given of plants 

 which produce frequent mutations and of those which produce few or no mutations; the bearing 

 of the Drosophila investigations on the subject of bud mutations is briefly discussed. In 

 closing the writer discusses the tendency of nurserymen to advertise stock grown from 

 known high producers without experimental proof as to their superiority, and advocates the 

 carrying on of more experimental work in this field. — Richard Wellington. 



1295. Babcock, E. B., and J. L. Collins. Interspecific hybrids in Crepis. I. Crepis 

 capillaris (L.) Wallr. X C. tectorum L. Proc. Nation. Acad. Sci. 6: 670-673. 1920.— Crepis 

 tectorum has 4 pairs of chromosomes, while C capillaris has 3 pairs; the Fi hybrids have 7 

 chromosomes. Forty of these hybrids were raised as seedlings. None produced true leaves, 

 but they remained for months in the cotjdedonary stage before perishing; the tissues were 

 found to be in a chaotic condition. — John Belling. 



1296. Baltzer. [German rev. of : Hertwig, Paula. Abweichende Form der Partheno- 

 genese bei einer Mutation von Rhabditis pellio. Eine experimentelle cytologische Untersuch- 

 ung. (Aberrant form of parthenogenesis in a mutation of Rhabditis pellio. An experimental 

 cytological study.) Arch. Mikrosk. Anat. 94: 303-337. 1920.] Zeitschr. Indukt. Abstamm.- u. 

 Vererb 25: 254-255. 1921. 



