No. 3, October, 1921] GENETICS 219 



1371. Robertson, Elizabeth. Notes on breeding for increase of milk in dairy cattle. 

 Jour. Genetics 11 : 79-90. 1921. — A study was made of tiie methods of breeding Kerry cattle 

 in relation to increase in milk and fat production. The conclusion was reached that milk 

 and fat are increased by inbreeding to a male relationship and decreased by breeding to a 

 female relationship. By male relationship the author means "the mating of a bull with a cow 

 which is so related to him that their first common ancestor is a bull." If the first common 

 ancestor is a cow it is called a female relationship. — E. Roberts. 



1372. SciiiEM.\NN, E. [German rev. of: (1) Correns, C. Die geschlechtliche Tendenz 

 der Keimzellen gemischtgeschlechtiger Pflanzen. (Sex tendency of germ-cells in plants of 

 mixed sex.) Zeitschr. Bot. 12: 49-GO. 2 fig. 1920 (see Dot. Absts. 8, Entry 1066). (2) 

 Wettsteix, F. vox. Kiinstliche haploide Parthenogenese bei Vaucheria und die geschlecht- 

 liche Tendenz ihrer Keimzellen. (Artificial haploid parthenogenesis in Vaucheria and the 

 sexual tendency of the germ-cells.) Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 38: 260-266. 2 fig. 1920 

 (see Bot. Absts. 9, Entry 777).] Zeitschr. Indukt. Abstamm.- u. Vererb. 25: 255-256. 1921. 



1373. Slocum, Rob. R. Standard varieties of chickens. II. The Mediterranean and con- 

 tinental classes. U. S. Dept. Agric. Farmers' Bull. 898. 27 p., 22 fig. 1920.— The author 

 gives simple descriptions based on the American Standards of perfection, but does not go into 

 as great detail. The bulletin is intended for the use of small poultrymen and farmers who 

 keep some poultry. Under the Mediterranean classes are described the Leghorns, Minorcas, 

 Anconas, Spanish, and Blue Andalusian; under the continental classes, the Campines. — 

 H. G. May. 



1374. Small, James. The origin and development of the Compositae. Chap. XI. The 

 origin of the Compositae. New Phytol. 18: 65-89. Fig. ^1-55. 1919. — Theories of evolution 

 are discussed under the following headings: Natural selection, mutations, orthogenesis, 

 epharmosis, isolation, and differentiation. The author concludes that "In evolution by 

 orthogenetic saltation, with epharmosis and elimination of the unfit, — we have the best of 

 Darwinism, neo-Lamarckism, neo-vitalism, Mendelism, and the mutation theory." Ortho- 

 genetic saltation is looked upon as determining the inner constitution of a species, the expres- 

 sion of that constitution being modified by epharmosis. Mendelian segregation is stated as 

 having most evidence to support it as an originating cause of a large number of taxonomic 

 species or even genera. The Lobelioideae are considered to be the ancestral group from which 

 Compositae have been derived. A picture is given of the transformation of a tropical, arbo- 

 rescent species of Siphocampylvs to an Andean species with all the essential characters of a 

 Senecio. [See also Bot. Absts. 3, Entry 1142.] — T. H. Goodspeed. 



1375. Stieve, H. Verjiingung durch experimentelle Neubelebung der alternden Puber- 

 tatsdriise, von E. Steinach. [Rejuvenation through experimental revitalization of senile sex 

 glands, of E. Steinach.] Naturwissenschaften 8: 643-645. 1920. — Stieve points out the need 

 of caution in accepting Steinach's results, calling attention to certain contradictory 

 evidence. — H. D. Goodale. 



1376. Tschermak, Erich vox. Beitrage zur VervoUkommnung der Technik der Bastar- 

 dierungsziichtung der vier Hauptgetreidearten. [Contributions to the perfection of the tech- 

 nique of hybridization in the four chief species of cereals.] Zeitschr. Pflanzenziicht. 8: 1-13. 

 7 fig. 1921, — This paper describes the physical conditions of the spikelets of rye, wheat, barlej', 

 and oats at the season of flow-ering. The author gives in some detail the technique used in 

 making cross-pollinations within each sort and the climatic conditions necessary to success. — 

 F. P. Bussell. 



1377. Tufts, W. P. Selection of deciduous fruits. Univ. California Jour. Agric. 6: 

 14. 15, 2S, 29, 30. 1920. — Practically all deciduous fruits are said to be benefited by cross- 

 pollination. Apples, almonds, cherries, figs, filberts, nectarines, peaches, pears, and plums 

 maj' be divided into self-sterile and self-fertile groups. Varieties of deciduous fruits best 

 suited to California conditions are recommended. — T. E. Gatij, Jr. 



