258 PHARMACOGNOSY [Box. Absts., Vol. JX, 



destroyed whole villages in the state of Vera Cruz where most of the drug is obtained. Jalap 

 is collected, for the most part, from wild-growing plants, but has been cultivated successfully 

 in India and Jamaica. Various other species of Ipomoea are used as substitutes for the true 

 Jalap. — C. M. Sterling. 



1578. Anonymous. Malayan drug venders in the East Indies. Pharm. Era 53: 263-264. 

 1 fig. 1920. 



1579. Anonymous. New botanical drugs sought. Pharm. Era 53: 321-324. 3 fig. 1920.— 

 A staff correspondent account of the H. K. Mulford expedition to South America, conducted 

 by Dr. Rusby. — C. M. Sterling. 



1580. Anonymous. U. S. Pharmacopoeial Convention. Druggists Circ. 64: 225-229. 

 1920. — An account is given of the proceedings of the convention in Washington, D. C, for 

 the 10th decennial revision of the United States Pharmacopoeia, of Dr. Wiley's presidential 

 address, and selection of the committee of revision. — C. M. Sterling. 



1581. Ballard, C. W. The identification of gums by the phenyl hydrazine reaction. 

 Amer. Druggist and Pharm. Rec. 688 : 28-30. Fig. I-I4. 1920. 



1582. Berger, J. B. "Starch count constants": Their determination and value. Pacific 

 Pharm. 12: 6-9. 1918. — Methods of procedure are given in making quantitative estimates 

 of different starches, and the application of such estimates in food and drug analysis. — 

 C. M. Sterling. 



1583. Blokzeyl, K. R. F. The cinchona industry in Java. Pharm. Era 53: 69-73. 5 

 fig. 1920. — An account is given of the introduction of Cinchona into southern Asiatic countries 

 and its cultivation in Java. More than 20 species have been described. — Cultivation is most 

 successful at an elevation of about 5000 feet and a temperature of 16-17°C. Seedlings, about 

 6 months old, grown from seeds of specially selected, superior trees are taken from the nursery 

 beds and transplanted to larger beds. When the trees are 2-3 feet in height they are planted 

 in the gardens. Propagation bj' grafting is also practiced. — For the most part bark is har- 

 vested by removing long, vertical strips and covering the denuded parts with moss, or by 

 cutting down the trees to stumps of a certain height in order to let them renew their stems by 

 fresh buddings. Bark for pharmaceutical purposes is removed in large sections and carefully 

 prepared and rolled into ' 'pipes, ' ' but bark used for the manufacture of quinine salts is scraped 

 off after it has been beaten with wooden hammers. Drying is done in the sun as far as possi- 

 ble, but artificial drying at 100°C. is used to remove 10-15 per cent of moisture not removable 

 at air temperature. Alkaloids are found in all parts of the plant, but principally in the paren- 

 chyma of the outer cortex. About 90 per cent of the world's production of Cinchona bark 

 comes from Java. Until 1913, Cinchona bark was sold in Amsterdam at public auction, 

 but in recent years England, the U. S. A., and Japan have been the largest buyers. — C. M. 

 Sterling. 



1584. Farwell, O. A. The identity of commercial Blue Flag. Amer. Druggist and 

 Pharm. Rec. 67:29. 1919. 



1585. Fischer, Hanns. Heilpfianzen und Siedlung. [Medicinal plants and coloniza- 

 tion.] Pharm. Zentralhalle 61: 279-281. 1920. — The cultivating and gathering of medicinal 

 plants were neglected before the war. Germany was largely dependent on domestic drugs 

 during the war and the author emphasizes the need for continuing domestic collecting and 

 suggests that medicinal plants be cultivated wherever opportunity allows. — H. Engelhardt. 



1586. Grant, E. H. New tests for some purgative drugs. Pharm. Era 53: 295-296. 

 1920. 



