No. 2, December, 1921] ECOLOGY, PLANT GEOGRAPHY 79 



on a shady river bank in Salisbury, Connecticut, is reported. Apparentlj' this colony was 

 started bj' seed thrown out with rubbish. A station has also been reported from Greene, 

 Maine. The author reports that a search of the literature has failed to disclose any previous 

 record of the plant occurring spontaneously in the eastern U. S. A., although in his Catalogue 

 of the Canadian Plants, John Macoun reports it as well established near North Sydney, Cape 

 Breton, and near Victoria, Vancouver Island. — James P. Poole. 



499. Willis, J. C. On the floras of certain islets outlying from Stewart Island (New Zea- 

 laiyi). Ann. Bot. 33: 479-4S4. / map. 1919. — From a survey of 2 papers by Poppelwell 

 and another by Cockayne the author gleans some further facts which he presents briefly as 

 evidence of the "extraordinary applicability of his "age and area" hypothesis. He concludes 

 that for restricted areas such as are dealt with here "age and area can be relied upon to ex- 

 plain the general composition of any of the floras that occur." — P. D. Strausbaugh. 



500. Willis, J. C. The northern invasions of Kew Zealand with special reference to Lord 

 Howe Island. [Abstract.] Rept. British Assoc. Adv. Sci. 1919: 333. 1920. 



501. Wilson, E. H. A phytogeographical sketch of the ligneous flora of Formosa. Jour. 

 Arnold Arboretum 2 : 25-41 . 1920. — The topography and geological formation and the climatic 

 factors of the island, which is 244 miles long and 75.G miles broad in its widest part and covers 

 an area of 13,908 square miles, are briefly discussed. The island is very mountainous and its 

 central range stretching from north to south reaches an elevation of 3985 m. on Mt. Morrison, 

 which carries snow for fully 6 months. In general the climate is warm-temperate and the 

 rainfall varies between 130 inches in the north and 70 inches in the south. A short history of 

 the botanical explorations of the island is given. The total number of flowering plants and 

 vascular cryptogams recorded up to 1918 amounts to 3359 species and 57 varieties belonging 

 to 1173 genera and 169 families, according to Hayata. The most important trees and shrubs 

 are named and briefly characterized. The alluvial plains are nearly all under cultivation, but 

 the high mountains are clothed with evergreen forests. The forest is similar in character from 

 near sea-level to 1800 m. ; it is a rain-forest and nearly all woody plants are evergreen. Above 

 1000 m. Lauraceae and Fagaceae are dominant types; from 1800-3000 m. conifers prevail mixed 

 with broadleaf trees, mostly evergreen; above 3000 m. broad-leaf trees decrease and shrubs, 

 particularly those belonging to northern genera, increase. The tree limit on Mt. Morrison is 

 at 3S00 m. Palms are represented in Formosa by only 5 genera, and only 3 species are common. 

 Pinaceae are represented by 11 and Taxaceae by 3 genera. Among the Pinaceae, Tahvania 

 cryptomeriodes is particularly noteworthy; it is related and similar to Sequoia, and is the tallest 

 tree of Eastern Asia, attaining a height of 200 feet; the 2 species of C ham aecy parts are nearly 

 as tall. Some northern genera, such as Alnus, Carpinus, Fagus, Ulmus, and MoZws, reach the 

 southern limit of their range. The affinity of the flora is with that of western and southwestern 

 China, though some important types, such as Nyssaceae, Eucommia, Euptelia, Cercidiphyl- 

 lum, Magnolia, and Hamamelis, are absent; it also shows close relationship to that of Japan, 

 the Liukiu Islands, and the coastal provinces of China. In the south some Philippine species 

 occur. [See also Bot. Absts. 4, Entries 1758, 1759.] — Alfred Rehder. 



502. Zenari, Silvia. Primo contribute alia Flora della Val Cellina (Fruili Occidentale). 

 [First contribution to the flora of the valley of Cellina.] Nuova Gior. Bot. Ital. Nuova Ser. 

 27: 11-37. 1920. — The author gives a list of plants, with habitat and elevation of the latter, 

 collected in the valley of Cellina, the westernmost part of the pre-alpine basin of the Fruili. — 

 Ernst Artschwager. 



APPLIED ECOLOGY 



503. Scott, W. R. M., axd E. J. Pe.try. Correlation of variation in resin content of Po- 

 dophyllum with certain habitats. Michigan Acad. Sci. Ann. Rept. 21:225-231. 19i9.— The 

 3 habitats selected varied as to shade, air movement, soil moisture, humus, and associated 

 plants. The study was undertaken to lower if possible the cost of production by determining 



