90 MORPHOLOGY, ETC., VASC. PLANTS [Box. Absts., Vol. X, 



of the soil was 0.19 per cent less in the cultivated plots when compared with the scraped plots. 

 "From a study of the root systems, it appears that those crops which respond least to cultiva- 

 tion, over scraping to keep down weeds, are the ones having the greatest root growth. Where 

 there was considerable space between the rows, which contained few or no roots, cultivation 

 increased the yield. On the other hand, where the space between the rows was well filled with 

 roots, cultivation did not increase the yield over scraping. In fact with cabbage, which crop 

 had the largest root sj'stem, the cultivated plots produced much less than the scraped plots 

 . . . Celery and onions responded to cultivation more than the other crops and these 

 two had the poorest distribution of roots and the most space between the rows without 

 roots." — H. A. Jones. 



MORPHOLOGY, ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY OF VASCULAR 



PLANTS 



E. W. SiNNOTT, Editor 

 (See also in this issue Entries 411, 463, 519, 520, 642, 650, 732, 763, 770, 816, 828, 841, 848) 



577. Agrelius, Frank U. G. Botanical notes, 1917-1918. Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci. 

 29: 85. 1920, — Late-flowering dates are recorded for Diervilla florida Sieb. & Zucc, Viola 

 pedata L., and Spiraea trilohata L. (October 22, 1917). Notations regarding Taraxacum 

 officinale Weber and polycotyledony in certain tomato and bean seedlings complete the 

 report. — F, C, Gates. 



578. Chauveaud, Gustave. Les monocotyledones et les dicotyleones posseflent le 

 meme type vasculaire. [Vascular systems in monocotyledons and dicotyledons of the same 

 type.] Bull. Soc. Bot. France 66: 373-3S1. 1919. — The difference in vascular structure be- 

 tween the 2 main groups of angiosperms which so impressed the older anatomists, — the closed 

 vascular bundles of the monocotyledons and the open bundles with interfascicular cambium 

 and secondary thickening of the dicotyledons, — is not fundamental, since it proves to be simply 

 the predominance of one or other of the terminal forms of a development of which the pre- 

 ceding phases are identical. The difference in vascular organization, especially as based on 

 cambium activity, can no longer be used even to separate the 2 groups, since many monocot- 

 yledons, such as Allium cepa, have open vascular bundles, while certain dicotyledons, such 



I as the Ranunculaceae, have vascular bundles of the closed type. — M. A. Raines. 



579. Denis, Marcel. les sucoirs du Cassytha filiformis L. [The haustoria of Cassytha 

 filiformis L.] Bull. Soc. Bot. France 66: 398-403. 6 fig. 1919.— A study of the morphology 

 and development of the haustoria of this phanerogamic parasite is reported. Two stages are 

 distinguished in development, the adhesive and the perforating. Haustoria may be formed at 

 points of contact of branches of occasional free-living individuals. — A. Gershoy. 



580. Fitch, C. L. The Colorado wild potato. Potato Mag. 3'^: 12, 26, 28. 4 fig. 1921.— 

 Solanum Jamesii produces small shoots and tubers and many seeds which alone survive some 

 winters. It grows in and near southwestern Colorado in dry soil at an altitude of 6,000 feet. 

 It has proved useful in greenhouse experiments upon the relation of tuber shape to environ- 

 ment. — Donald Folsom. 



581. Gagnbpain, F. Interessante adaptation des grains de Sphaeranthus aux stations 

 humides. [An interesting adaptation of the seeds of Sphaeranthus to moist habitats.) Bull. 

 Soc. Bot. France 66: 409-412. 1919. — The cells of the persistent corolla become filled with air, 

 forming a bladder-like envelope, of different shape in the various species, which provides 

 for dissemination by wind or water. — A. Gershoy. 



582. Kashyap, Shiv Ram. Some observations on Cycas revoluta and C. circinalis growing 

 in Lahore. Jour. Indian Bot. 2: 116-122. 3 fig. 1921. — Potted buds of Cycas revoluta formed 



