154 FOKESTRY [Box. Absts., Vol. X, 



1012. BtJHLER, A. Der Waldbau, nach wissenschaftlichen Forschung und praktischer 

 Erfahrung. [Forest production based upon scientific investigation and practical experience.] 

 Vol. I. 662 p. Stuttgart, 1918. — This is the first volume of a new book on silviculture and 

 represents the life work of Dr. Biihler. Vol. I presents the natural and the economic factors 

 of forest production, and Vol. II will present the practice of silviculture and the history of 

 silvicultural practice and silvicultural science. Vol. I considers tree species, climatic factors, 

 physiographic factors, soil factors, the silvical requirements of important tree species, and 

 the economic factors of forest production. Under the latter are considered the value and 

 price of forest land, price of labor, markets, the price of wood, and many other factors which 

 affect the economic condition of forest owners. The work contains an abundance of tables. — 

 Richard H. D. Boerker. 



1013. Endres, Max. Lehrbuch der Waldwertrechnung und Forststatik. [Forest valua- 

 tion and forest statics. 3rd enlarged ed. 324 p. Berlin, 1919. 



1014. Gayer, K. Die Forstbenutzung. [Forest utilization.] lltli ed., 6^2 p.,S72illi{s. 

 Berlin, 1919. — This edition was prepared by Ludwig Fabricius of the University of Munich ; 

 the 10th edition was prepared by Heinrich Mayr, of the same University, the 9th edition 

 being the last prepared under the personal direction of Gayer, who died in 1907. — Richard H. 

 D. Boerker. 



1015. Gbschwind. Einige forstliche Wirtschaftsmethoden im herzegowinisch-dalmatin- 

 ischen Karst. [Some methods of forest culture in the Herzegovinian and Dalmatian Karst.] 

 Wiener AUg. Forst- u. Jagdzeitg. 39: 63-64, 72-73. 1921. — Several methods of forest culture 

 peculiar to the southern Karst region are defined and named by the author. "Ograda" is a 

 system under which an area of treeless land is enclosed by a rough wall ("orgrada," a Serbo- 

 Croatian term, refers to wall as well as the area enclosed). Within 1-2 years a dense growth 

 of broadleaf root sprout springs up which otherwise is suppressed by the heavy grazing 

 common in the region. The sprouts are variously used as they reacli suitable size; some finally 

 yield merchantable timber. The stand develops into a selection coppice forest, previously 

 described by the author (see Bot. Absts. 8, Entry 1850) . In such forests grazing is a secondary 

 consideration. — The "Trava" system is very similar, but in it grazing is the prime considera- 

 tion. When tlie walled enclosure produces mostly shrubs or an incomplete cover broken by 

 grassy openings, it becomes more valuable for grazing both in summer and winter (buds and 

 twigs). Such an area, termed a "Trava," gradually develops into an inferior coppice forest; 

 such forests are readily transformed from the ''Trava" to the "Ograda" system of management 

 and vice versa. Such variations from standard management are classed as "transition' ' systems. 

 The "Zukva" method of forest culture is found especially in the coast region near the Gulf 

 of Cattaro, where the Mediterranean broom or "zukva" (Spartinyn junceum) is cultivated 

 upon calcareous soils for winter goat feed. These plants are grown from seed and protected for 

 4-5 years, after which they will endure grazing; 300 medium-sized bushes will winter 1 goat. 

 The plant is very hardy and drouth resistant, and serves as an excellent nurse tree for Pinus 

 austriaca, especially as it enriches the soil.— "Pelin" or "Kadulja" culture isnottrulyasystem 

 of forest culture. Salvia officinalis, "pelin" or "kadulja," often occupies overgrazed and de- 

 nuded lands to the exclusion of other plants, growing into a bush with woody base. This 

 l)lant is grazed sparingly by sheep and goats when other feed is scarce, but is not touched by 

 cattle. Recently salvia leaves have been collected, dried, and exported for use in cosmetics 

 and medicines. Tliis extensive industry has many opponents because of its tendency to 

 denude areas of even their cover of salvia, with disastrous results to the soil and watershed 

 values. The author considers the practice harmless if leaves and tender tips only are collected 

 in the latter part of the growing season. Season-long collecting and cutting down of bushes, 

 on the other hand is harmful; moreover it interferes with honey production, salvia furnishing 

 a large amount of bee pasturage. — F. S. Baker. 



1016. Greely, W. B. What should be our [U. S. A.] national forest policy. Amer. Forestry 

 26 : 612-613, 617. 1920. — [Extracts from an extemporaneous address delivered at the reforesta- 

 tion conference of the wood-using industries held at IVIadison, Wisconsin, July 23, 1920.] 



