No. 3, January, 1922] PHYSIOLOGY 205 



1350. SciiwEiZER, K. fitudes chimico-physlologlques sur la cellule de levure. [Chemical 

 and physiological studies on the yeast cell.] Bull. Assoc. Chimistes Sucrerie et Distillerie 

 France et Colonies 38: 1G3-171. 1920. 



TEMPERATURE RELATIONS 



1351. MacDougal, D. T. A new high temperature record for growth. Science 53: 370- 

 372. 1921. — The author reports a new high temperature record for growth in Opuntia, and for 

 the higher plants, of 55°C. (131°F.). The experiment is described. — C. J. Lyon. 



1352. MacDougal, D. T., and Earl B. Working. Another high temperature record for 

 growth and endurance. Science 54: 152-153. 1921. — Joints of Opuntia grew with a tissue 

 temperature of 56.5°C. in air having a temperature of 58 °C. — C. J. Lyon. 



1353. Munerati, O. L'influenza delle basse temperature sullagerminazionedelfrumento 

 appena raccolto e dei semi cosi detti freschi. [The influence of low temperatures on the germina- 

 tion of newly harvested grain.] Atti R. Accad. Lincei Roma Rend. (CI. Sci. Fis. Mat. e Nat.) 

 29*: 273-275. 1920. — Newly thrashed grain was germinated at different temperatures, and the 

 results confirm the work of Harrington, to the effect that germination is better at low 

 temperatures. — F. M. Blodgett, 



1354. Vass, a. F. The influence of low temperature on soil bacteria. Cornell Univ. 

 Agric. Exp. Sta. Mem. 27: 1039-1074. 1919. — Sand and soil cultures of Bacillus radicicola when 

 subjected to freezing at — 15°C. and at — 190°C.(the temperature of liquid air) give greater 

 bacterial counts than the unfrozen, the increase being from 50 to nearly 200 per cent. This 

 indicates a breaking up of the bacterial masses in frozen soils rather than an increase by growth 

 and multiplication. The fact that the increased count in slowlj' thawed material was much 

 less than in the quickly thawed cultures futher substantiates this view. The concentration of 

 the medium, the time of exposure, and the degree of cold are the important factors in resistance 

 to low temperature. — R. S. Nam. 



RADIANT ENERGY RELATIONS 



1355. BuLLER, A. H. R. Upon the ocellus function of the subsporangial swelling of Pilobo- 

 lus. Trans. British Mycol. Soc. 7: 61-64. 1921. — The subsporangial swelling of Pilobolus 

 functions as an ocellus which receives the heliotropic stimulus which causes the stipe to turn 

 the "fungus gim" toward the light. The swelling is transparent and refracts light like the bulb 

 of an inverted Florence flask filled with water. When the incident rays of light strike the 

 swelling in such a way that they are parallel with its long axis they are refracted through its 

 walls and converge to form a spot of light at its base. Under these conditions there is physiolog- 

 ical equilibrium and no heliotropic response. When, however, the light rays strike the 

 swelling obliquely the spot of light is formed on one side of the wall and in such a case the 

 stipe reacts by growing most rapidly on the side nearest the spot of light. This reaction con- 

 tinues until the spot of light has moved down to the position of equilibrium at the base of the 

 swelling. A method of making a model for demonstrating this reaction of Pilobolus is de- 

 scribed. — W. B. McDougall. 



1356. Colin, M.H. Action de la lumiere sur la richesse saccharine de la betterave. [Ac- 

 tion of light on the sugar content of the beet.] Bull. Assoc. Chimistes Sucrerie et Distillerie 

 France et Colonies 38 : 61-74. 1920. — Beets grown in direct sunlight produced a greater tonnage 

 than those in diffuse light but the sucrose content was lower. — C. W. Edgerton. 



1357. Gardner, H. A. Effect of colored light upon plant growth. Sci. Amer. Monthly 2 : 

 313. Fig. 1-2. 1920. — Preliminary experiments indicated a possible advantage in using cer- 

 tain colored, rather than white, lights in the sash of greenhouses. — Chas. H, Otis. 



