No. 4, February, 1922] BIBLIOGRAPHY, BIOGRAPHY, HISTORY 237 



general manager of a large iron manufacturing concern. His leisure was largely devoted to 

 the study of the local flora. Aster Lowrieanus Porter was named in his honor. He left an 

 herbarium of 2750 specimens, representing 144 families and 707 genera. The grounds about 

 his house were converted into an arboretum, which is still in a fair state of preservation. — 

 J. C. Nelson. 



1560. [KiRCHNER, OsKAR VON.] Die Biologische Reichsanstalt fiir Land- und Forstwlrt- 

 schaft in Berlin-Dahlem. [The biological institute for agriculture and forestry at Berlin.] 

 Zeitschr. Pflanzenkrankh. 31: 196-197. 1921. — The Institute has begun to publish monthly 

 a Nachrichtenblatt fiir den Deutschen Pflanzenschutzdienst (Notes of the German plant 

 protection service), of which the 1st issue appeared July 1, 1921, with an introduction on its 

 aims and scope by Dr. O. Appel, the director. Dr. H. Morstatt, of the same Institute, has 

 prepared a bibliography of plant protection literature for 1920, which is published by P. Parey, 

 Berlin. It consists of titles arranged in 4 classes, with an author index. — H. T. Gussow. 



1561. Knunker, A. Hans Freiherr von Tiirckheim. Gartenflora 70: 19-22. 1921. — Hans 

 von Tiirckheim was born May 27, 1853, and died at Karlsruhe, February 7, 1920. He spent 

 over 30 years as German consul in Guatemala, and made extended botanical explorations in 

 that country. After returning to Germany in 190S, he made a botanical trip to the Santo 

 Domingo mountains in 1909-10. His Guatemalan collections, comprising many new species 

 described in Botanical Gazette by John Donnell Smith, are covered by the latter's Enume- 

 ratio Plantarum Guatemalensium (1889-1907), and his Santo Domingo plants are treated in 

 Urban's Flora Domingensis, Vol. VIII of Symbolae Antillanae. Tiirckheim was especially 

 interested in orchids, sending to Dr. Hans Goldschmidt of Essen living specimens of many 

 which had never before flowered in Europe, while his herbarium material in this family, with 

 exception of that which remains inaccessible in the Reichenbach Herbarium in Vienna, is 

 being handled by R. Schlechter and comprises many new species. — M. F. Warner. 



1562. Kronpeld, E. M, Jacquin des Jiigeren botanische Studienreise 1788-1790. Aus 

 den unveroflfentlichten Briefen herausgeben. [Botanical travels of Jacquin the younger. From 

 unpublished letters.] Beih. Bot. Centralbl. II, 38: 132-176. Fig. 1. 1921.— The botanical 

 notes found in the letters of the younger Jacquin (Joseph Franz Freiherr von Jacquin) are 

 printed without comment. The journey was planned to take in all the botanical gardens, 

 factories, and other places where botanists and chemists were to be found. The route was 

 as follows: Prag, Karlsbad, Freiberg, Dresden, Leipzig, Halle, Berlin, Klanzthal, Gottingen, 

 Aschaffenberg, Mainz, Bonn, Aachen, Maestricht, The Hague, Rotterdam, Leyden, Amster- 

 dam, Utrecht, Brussels, London, Paris, Freiberg, Geneva, Basel, Zurich, Bern. The letters 

 are to his father, mother, and brother. They tell especially of the new or interesting plants 

 found in each place and the botanists met. — L. Pace. 



1563. L[acaita], C. C. [Rev. of: Beguinot, Augusto. La Botanica. 116 p. Rome, 

 1920.] Jour. Botany 59: 147-148. 1921. 



1564. Leclerc, Henri. Histoire de Fail. [History of garlic] Janus 23: 167-191. 1918. 

 — A study of the properties of the plant rather than its history in cultivation is here presented. 

 The earliest record of its use as food goes back to the period of Cheops, about 4500 B.C., as 

 Herodotus related that there was engraved on the great pyramid of Ghizeh the cost of the 

 horse-radish, onions, and garlic consumed by the builders, exceeding IGOO talents of silver. 

 The use of garlic became known to the Hebrews during their sojourn in Egypt, and the Greeks 

 used it largely; Theophrastus attaches much importance to its culture. The literary lore 

 of garlic is represented by quotations from many sources, from Aristophanes down to Daudet, 

 and its medicinal virtues are traced from Hippocrates, Dioscorides, Galen, and Pliny, and 

 the Arab phj'-sicians, down to modern recognition of its stimulant and antiseptic properties, 

 and in particular its value in the treatment of certain infectious diseases and tuberculosis. — 

 M. F. Warner. 



