THE MONTH I S Bl I.l.l-.TIN. 



87 



Figure (26) A is a diagram of a tree in which a large limb has rotted 

 down into the trunk from the old eut (F). 



Figure I 26 » B shows this limb removed, (H) is the surface of a cement 

 plug filling of a cavity excavated by means of auger and chisel.- The 

 heads of copper nails (k) represent Large nails driven deep into the 

 wood. The usual asphalt protection for the edge of the cut is repre- 

 sented t>\ [h). 



In the figure (26) A and (26) C the Idlers (A) and (A') indicate 

 preliminary cuts, (B) and | B') final cuts, hut (B) is a very poor cut, 

 while 'I'.'' is the proper one. Ln the same waj (C) and (D) indicate 

 good cuts with the preference Eor (C), but the limb should never be cut 

 off at I E ) as a permanent cut. 



Fig. 25a. 



I 

 Fig. Fig. 251). 



Longitudinal section of an old sluli which was improperly treated. 



Pig. _'5b is the same wound as Fig. 25a after treatment. (Original.) 



MATERIALS USED IN TREATING CUTS. 



The asphaltum-paraffine mixture is composed of grade (D) asphaltum 

 and paraffine wax at the rate of eight parts of asphaltum to two parts 

 nt' parat'tine by weight. These ingredients are melted together until 

 thoroughly mixed. The addition of parat'tine to asphaltum lowers the 

 melting point of the mixture and otherwise improves its physical prop- 

 erties. Lower melting points are obtained by increasing the quantity of 

 parat'tine. but it. is not desirable to have too soft a wax which will run 

 badly in the sun's heal 



I have found this wax to lie superior to any other compound within 

 my experience. It never hardens or cracks, it does not injure plant 

 tissue, and is easily applied when moderately heated. This mixture 

 is also an excellent grafting wax. 



The Bordeaux whitewash used in these experiments was made by 

 thinning commercial Bordeaux paste with suitable quantities of water. 



4—29103 



