191 q] SARGENT— north AMERICAN TREES 227 



Celtis pumila Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 1:200. 1814; E. J. Hill, 

 Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 27:497. pi. jj. 1900. — C. occidentalis 

 B pumila Muhlenberg, Cat. 100 (nonien nudum). 1813; Gray, 

 Man. ed. 2. 397. 1856. — C. niississippiensis var. pumila Mackensen 

 and Bush, Man. Fl. Jackson County, Missouri, 72. 1902. — Often 

 considered a variety of C. occidentalis, C. pumila can be separated 

 from that species by its smaller, usually entire, rather thicker 

 leaves, by its small, dark reddish purple fruits on pedicels shorter 

 or only slightly longer than the petioles, by its more deeply pitted 

 nutlet, and shrubby habit. The color of the fruit and its short 

 pedicels indicate a nearer relationship with C. laevigata than with 

 C. occidentalis. 



C. pumila has been found in Pennsylvania, Delaware, and the District of 

 Columbia, western New York, northern Indiana and Illinois, middle Tennessee, 

 northeastern Mississippi, near Augusta, Georgia, near Lake Okeechobee, Florida 

 (Ed. Palmer, 1874, no. 515 in Herb. Gray), Missouri, and northeastern Arkansas 

 (Eureka Springs, Carroll County, £. /. Palmer, no. 4409). 



A branch without fruit, with small, nearly entire, glabrous leaves, collected 

 by Mohr on uplands west of Franklin, Alabama, October 8 (no year, no. 66), 

 and described as "a low spreading tree of slender growth," appears in spite of 

 its habit to be C. pumila. A glabrous specimen with pedicels as long as or 

 longer than the petioles collected on the sandy seashore at Hillsboro, Florida, 

 hyp. A. Marten (no. 6506 in Herb. Gray) is probably from a depauperate 

 form of C. laevigata. 



Celtis pumila var. georgiana, n. var. — C. occidentalis Abbot 

 and Smith, Insects of Georgia, pi. j6 (not L.). 1797. — C. occidentalis 

 var. pumila Chapman, Fl. 417 (not Muhlenberg). 1865. — C. geor- 

 giana Small, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club. 24:439. 1897; Britton and 

 Shafer, N. Am. Trees, SSltfiS- 316. 1908. — Differing from the type 

 in the rugose upper surface of the leaves, more or less densely pilose 

 along the midribs and -veins below, in the pilose petioles, and 

 puberulous pedicels. 



A shrub or small tree occasionally 10 m. tall, with slender pubescent 

 branchlets sometimes becoming glabrous by the end of their first season. The 

 fruit was described as "tan" color by Small, and by Britton and Shafer 

 as "red-purple to yellowish." The fruit when fully grown in early summer 

 is dull yellow in color, but by the middle of October it becomes reddish purple 

 like that of C. pumila, and is often covered with a glaucous bloom. 



