20 FORESTRY [Box. Absts., Vol. VII, 



149. S(chupfer). Englands Waldpolitik vor und nach dem Kriege. [England's forest 

 policy before and after the war.] [Chiefly a discussion of an article by Ivar Tragardh in Svenska 

 Dagbladet, 1919, No. 344.] Forstwiss. Centralbl. 42:150-156. 1920.— England's power 

 depends on her fleet, which requires coal; the latter cannot be obtained without a supply of 

 mine timbers. These had hitherto been obtained cheaply from France and Scandinavia, 

 but just prior to the war increasing prices had made people begin to think of the home forests, 

 which were mostly hardwoods except for small areas of conifers in Scotland. Early in the 

 eighteenth century it had been decided to plant 100,000 acres with oak for ship timbers, and 

 by 1823 half of this area was planted. Then the coming of steel ships put an end to this 

 project. With the outbreak of the World W^r, there was great difficulty in getting sufficient 

 timber; half of England's forests were cut down, and the rest would have been cut down if the 

 material could have been got out easily. Of the monthly consumption of 100,000 tons of 

 mine timber, England supplied 40,000 tons and France the rest. From 1916 to 1918 about 

 17,000,000 tons of timber were cut, or more than 20 years' normal cut. The report of the 

 Forestry Subcommittee of the Ministry of Reconstruction is outlined. The measures recom- 

 mended were adopted in the law of September 1, 1919, which created a Forest Commission 

 with broad powers and an appropriation of £3,500,000. The reviewer suggests that estimates 

 of costs and of returns may be somewhat optimistic, and that allowance was not made for a 

 possible future drop in prices as home production increases, but points out that there are 

 other advantages, such as insuring an emergency supply as well as making productive large 

 areas of waste land, whose value cannot be estimated. — W. N. Sparhawk. 



150. ScnusTER, Matjhaus. Die wirtschaftliche Hegung urid Ausnutzung der bayeris- 

 chen Hohen Rhon. [The economic development and use of the Bavarian High Rhon.] Natur- 

 wiss. Zeitschr. Forst-u. Landw. 18: 1-10. 1920. — The Bavarian High Rhon Mt. region is 

 noted for its large areas of unused meadowland, which because of soil and location are unfit 

 for agricultural use. During the war, and for a considerable time previous, this territory 

 had been practically neglected. It is known that as late as the end of the eighteenth century, 

 the region was one of considerable economic importance; this was due chiefly to the efforts of 

 the abbots of Fulda, who developed the limited mineral resources and the numerous springs 

 around Briickenau, and also made use of the large, uncultivated meadows in the mountains 

 as pastures for horses and cattle. At present, the whole region is dead and awaits a resurrec- 

 tion. Its agricultural value is low; it has no great advantage over other areas in its mineral 

 resources. The extensive mountain meadows, however, can and must be utilized for cattle 

 grazing, in order to assist in the economic restoration of industrial Germany. — J. Roeser. 



151. Taylor, T. W. Kurrajong as a fodder tree. Australian Forest. Jour. 3: 186-188. 

 1920. — The cultivation of kurrajong {Sterculia diver sijolia) for fodder purposes is advocated. 

 This species is one of the best fodder trees as a stand-by in times of drought, as well as a 

 tree that is very ornamental and useful for shade purposes on the open plains. — C. F. 

 Korsiian. 



152. TuBEUF, Karl Freiherr von. Uber die Zweckmassigkeit der Zusammenlegung 

 Kleinparzellierten Waldbesitzes. [Concerning the necessity of consolidating small parcelled-off 

 forest holdings.] Naturwiss. Zeitschr. Forst-u. Landw. 18: 155-162. Fig. 1-3. 1920.— The 

 author describes three examples of forest areas, subdivided into small holdings with dis- 

 tinct division lines, which he found on the foothills of the Alps; namely, at Fiissen, at Kohl- 

 grub, and at Brannenburg. In the case of the first two, where long strips of forest, each pri- 

 vately owned, are separated by strips of meadowland; the forest is injurious to the growth of 

 grass in the meadows; the open meadows leave the forest open to severe damage by windfall, 

 etc. ; and there is no system or definite plan of utilization of the forest product. In the last- 

 mentioned case, a steep mountain side of approximately 155 ha is parcelled into 60 separate 

 holdings, these being in narrow strips parallel to the slope and separated by wide lanes, 10-30 

 meters wide. Some of the strips themselves are but 8 meters wide. The consolidation of the 

 holdings on the tract under one management will mean uniform management and harvesting 



