28 GENETICS [BoT. Absts., Vol. VII, 



189. FiscHEL, Alfred. Ursachen tierischer Farbkleidung. [Causes of animal coat 

 color.] Arch. Entwicklungsmech. Org. 46:202-209. 1920. 



190. Fischer, H. Pflanzenmetamorphose und Abstammungslehre. [Plant metamorphosis 

 and evolution.] Die Naturwissenschaften 8: 268-271. 1920. — General discussion of evolution 

 of plant organs and structures, with examples of problems and interpretations of plant meta- 

 morphosis. Series may be constructed which show orthogenetic trend, but this is not result 

 of inheritance of acquired characters. Causes of orthogenesis are unknown, but can be only 

 partially environmental. Evolution is not always in direction of utility, but may lead to 

 extinction of some Hues of descent. Changes resulting from alteration of living conditions 

 are only certainly known as consequence of domestication, and they have no utility in preser- 

 vation of species. — R. E. Clausen. 



191. Fisher, R. A. The correlation between relatives on the supposition of Mendelian 

 inheritance. Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 52: 399-433. J^fig. 1919. — Derivation of formulae 

 for correlation between direct and collateral relatives for characters determined by Mende- 

 lian factors, making allowance for different degrees of dominance, for assortative mating, 

 for multiple allelomorphism, and for coupling. By means of fraternal correlation influ- 

 ence of dominance is distinguished from environmental causes of variability. Best available 

 figures for human measurements show little or no indication of non-genetic causes. Marital 

 correlation is probably genetic, not somatic. Hypothesis of cumulative Mendelian factors 

 fits facts very accurately. — John Rice Miner. 



192. Freeman, Geo. F. A progress report on cotton breeding at the Sultanic Agricultural 

 Society. Sultanic Agric. Soc. Bull. 3. 16 p. 1920. — After discussing factors to be considered 

 in breeding work with cotton, a,uthor outlines plan followed by him in Egypt, dealing with 

 selection of mother plants, handling of pedigree-plant plots and increase plots, study of 

 vegetative characters, flowering curves, yield and lint characters. — T. H. Kearney. 



193. Gallaud, M. Une lignee de Giroflees a anomalies multiples et hereditaires. [A 

 line of wall flowers with multiple hereditary anomalies.] Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. 171: 47-49. 

 July, 1920. 



194. Gassul, R. Nachtrag zu meiner Mitteilung iiber "Eine durch Generationen pra- 

 valierende symmetrische Fingerkontraktur." [Supplement to my contribution on a symmet- 

 rical contraction of the fingers prevailing through generations.] Deutsch. Med. Wochenschr. 

 44: 1450. 1918.— The original paper (Bot. Absts. 5, Entry 377) had neglected to indicate the 

 relationships of members of the family in which a form of congenital finger contractions was 

 reported. It is now possible to present a chart of the family tree from which it appears that 

 the peculiarity may behave as a (dominant) Mendelian trait. — C. H. Danforth. 



195. GooDALE, H. D. Practical results from studies on egg production. Massachusetts 

 Sta. Bull. 191:97-104. 1 fig. 1919. — Paper is divided into three sections: I. Inbreeding. 

 II. Is the influence of the male or of the female the more important? III. The exclusion of 

 parasites. — I. A small number of data are presented which show that both inbreeding and 

 outbreeding may either succeed or fail. The criterion of judgment on inbreeding must be the 

 results in each individual case. — II. Author states that "the view that high fecundity does 

 not descend from mother to daughter but does descend from mother to son, or from father 

 to both sons and daughters is now generally accepted." Reports that "an experiment was 

 made in which the male from a low line (breed not stated) was mated with several high pro- 

 ducers belonging to a high line and at the same time to several low producers." "The off- 

 spring of the high producers averaged 49.2 winter eggs against an average of the mothers and 

 their sisters of 52.5 eggs. Nearly all were high producers. On the other hand, the offspring 

 of the poor layers averaged only 11.6 winter eggs. In this experiment high production clearly 

 descended from mothers to daughters In still another experiment a male belong- 

 ing to a low line was mated to a female belonging to another low line. Most of the offspring 



