114 FOREST BOTANY AND FOEESTRY [BoT. Absts., Vol. VII, 



775. DoRE, W. H. The distribution of certain chemical constants of wood over its proxi- 

 mate constituents. Jour. Indust. Eng. Chem. 12:472-476. 1920. — A study is made of the 

 distribution of the groups contained in red wood which yield furfurol acetic acid and methoxy 

 with the object of learning their relation to the constituent cellulose and lignin. — Henry 

 SchmiUz. 



776. DoRE, W. H. The proximate analysis of coniferous woods. Jour. Indust. Eng. 

 Chem. 12: 476-479. 1920. — An improved procedure is described for the summative analysis 

 of coniferous woods. Methods are given for the estimation of the following constituents: 

 those lost on drying, benzene extract, alcohol extract, cellulose, lignin, soluble pentosans, 

 mannan and galactan. — Henry Schmitz. 



777. DoRE, W. H. The proximate analysis of hardwoods: Studies on Quercus agrifolia. 

 Jour. Indust. Eng. Chem. 12: 984-987. 1920. — The methods previously used for the analysis 

 of coniferous woods were investigated as to their applicability to the hardwoods. The puri- 

 fication treatment employed for the tissues of coniferous woods was supplemented with 

 digestion in cold water and 5 per cent sodium hydroxide solution. Lignin was determined 

 by the gaseous hydrochloric acid method recently proposed by Konig and Becher. This 

 modified method was found satisfactory in every respect. — Henry Schmitz. 



778. Dupler, a. W. Staminate strobilus of Taxus canadensis. Bot. Gaz. 68:345-366. 



S pi, 22 fig. Nov., 1919.— See Bot. Absts. 6, Entry 1898. 



779. Ehrhorn, E. M. Notes on plant shipment. Hawaiian Forester and Agric. 17: 4-6. 

 1920.— See Bot. Absts. 6, Entry 1942. 



780. Engler, a. Die Vegetationsverhaltnisse des Kongoa-Gebirges und der Bambuto- 

 Berge in Kamerun [West Africa]. [The vegetation of the Kongoa Mountains and the Bambuto 

 Mountain in Kamerun.] Bot. Jahrb. 55 (Beiheft) : 24-32. 1919.— See Bot. Absts. 6, Entry 

 1505. 



781. EwART, A. J. Contributions to the flora of Australia, No. 27. Proc. Roy. Soc. 

 Victoria 31 (N. S.): 367-379. PI. 18. 1919. 



782. Fankhauser, F. Der Lawinenverbau Mittels Terrassen. [Preventing avalanches 

 by terracing.] Schweiz. Zeitschr. Forstw. 71 : 217-230. 8 pi. 1920. — Avalanches occurred 

 quite frequently near Elm on slopes from 70° to 90°. These slopes were covered with unbroken 

 sod which give little resistance to sliding snow. Terracing has been successful in preventing 

 slides here and elsewhere. Terraces were first built as early as 1756. They were constructed 

 of laid walls of rock and were only partially successful. Later walls were built of well-laid 

 rock with widened bases. These were often loosened and torn away in the course of two or three 

 seasons. The best construction has been found to consist of alternate layers of rock and sod, 

 with the sod blocks projecting over the rock so that the grass will grow over the entire wall the 

 first or second season. If the sod blocks are trimmed even with the rock wall, the wall soon 

 crumbles and settles irregularly, because the grass does not grow over it and bind the dirt 

 together. The walls are from 1 to 2 m. wide and about 8 m. high, with a slope of about one- 

 fourth the thickness of the wall. The base is set deep enough to prevent undermining by 

 rain and snow water. The terraces are made as broad as possible, in order to give the snow 

 more level bearing surface and prevent sliding. — J. V. Hofmann. 



783. Flury, Philip. Aus dem Gebierte unserer Forsteinrichtung. [From the Division 

 of Forest Improvement.] Schweiz. Zeitschr. Forstw. 71:137-150. 1920. — This article is a 

 discussion of the views of Biolley and Burger on forest management and improvement as 

 related to methods of cutting. It is pointed out that the two methods are often confused. 

 Clear-cutting may be advisable for forest management, but it is not always the most desir- 

 able for forest improvement. Also, forests may be successfully managed by selection cut- 



