No. 2, March, 1921] PATHOLOGY 173 



geraniums and rubber plants produce crown galls in the region of inoculation. It is alto- 

 gether possible that substances of the disintegrating crown gall or products of the crown gall 

 forming organism are carried into the circulation of the stem and are responsible for the 

 progress of the death of the stem from the gall upward and downward. The death of the 

 plant due to crown gall is at least suggestive of the death caused by the invading and disin- 

 tegrating malignant growths in animal cancer." — G. H. Coons. 



1161. LoscH, Hermann. Notiz zur Atiologie der Durchwachsungen bei Birnenfrxichten. 

 [Etiology of leafy proliferation of pear fruits.] Zeitschr. Pflanzenkrankh. 30: 71-73. 2 fig. 

 1920. — A description of this teratological aberration, disputing Sorauer's explanation of 

 cause as "over-nourishment" of the buds, and referring it as due to freezing of the primary 

 normal buds. Secondary buds then develop during the time of maximum leaf production 

 instead of at a period of low leaf formation, thus giving the leafy proliferation. — H. T. 

 Giissow. 



1162. MoNTEMARTiNi, LuiGi. Nuove osservazioni sopra I'azione eccitante del sulfate di 

 rame sulle piante. [The stimulating action of copper sulfate on plants.] Rev. Pathol. Veg. 10: 

 36-40. 1920.— See Bot. Absts. 7, Entry 1375. 



1163. Opitz. Fusariumbetall und Auswinterung verschiedener Winterweizensorten. 

 [Fusariimi blight and the over-wintering of various winter wheat varieties.] Mittheil. Deutsch. 

 Landw. Ges. 35:488-489. 1920. — The author describes field plat experiments conducted at 

 two different stations to determine the relation between Fwsa?-iwm-infected winter wheat 

 and winter injury. He planted 20 varieties, using the same varieties at each station. His 

 germination results were uniformlj^ good, running from 02 to 100 per cent. The vigor of the 

 plants in early stages of development ranged from 79 to 09 per cent. Percentage of infection 

 ranged from none at all to 77 per cent. It was expected that the experiments would show a 

 relation between growth-vigor of host and severity of infection, but the results indicated no 

 such relation. There was, however, some indication of varietal susceptibility, but the 

 author purposely omitted the names of the varieties used, pending the time when more defi- 

 nite facts are made known concerning susceptibilitj'^ of different wheat varieties. According 

 to the experiments of the author there is a relation between severity of infection and over- 

 wintering ability of the host. This relationship, however, seems manifest only when growth 

 conditions are peculiarly favorable to the development of the invading fungus. Seed treat- 

 ment combined with careful selection of disease-free seed is recommended as a control meas- 

 ure. The author agrees with Hiltner in his recommendation of "uspulum" as a fungicide 

 for prevention of the type of Fu.^arivm infection described. — H. B. Humphrey. 



1164. Petersen, Federico. Los trigos seleccionados de la hacienda Amalucan. [Se- 

 lected wheats.] Rev. Agric. [Mexico] 5: 112-118. 4 fig- 1919. — Rust due to one or more 

 species of Puccinia causes heavy losses to Mexican wheat growers. Three selected varieties, 

 Flor, Maravilla I, and Maravilla II. were found to be somewhat more resistant than the types 

 ordinarily grown. — See Bot. Absts. 7, Entry 639. — John A. Stevenson. 



1165. Rao, P. S. Jivanna. The cause of spike in sandal (Santaltun album). Indian 

 Forester 46: 469-487. 1920.— The spike disease of sandal is closely related to the parasitism 

 of the plant and may depend upon the sap density of the parent plant. On plants with a 

 high sap density, sandal has greater difficulty in maintaining itself than on species with low 

 sap density; and in plants with a high oil content, the plants do better than where the oil is 

 absent. With depleted water supplies in the host plants, haustoria may be unable to develop 

 sufficiently rapidly to make up the deficit, and the unbalanced circulation comes about. 

 The decreased water supply is accompanied by an increased deposition of starch owing to the 

 absence of a sufficient amount of the transporting fluid. Spike is held not to be due to para- 

 sites on the sandal, but is regarded as an abnormal physiological reaction, and the remedy 

 for the condition lies in the use of a strong host with high osmotic values. Lantavas and 

 shrubs should be avoided because of their short lives and inferior quality as hosts, and the 

 care of the host is of greater importance than the care of the parasite. — E. N. Munns. 



