No. 3, April, 1921] PATHOLOGY 293 



2043. Link, G. K., and Max \V. Gardner. Market pathology and market diseases of 

 vegetables. Phytopath. 9: 497-520. 1919. — A summary of the results of the first year's study 

 of the market pathology of truck crops, carried on in coordination with the Food Products 

 Inspection Service of the Bureau of Markets of the United States Department of Agriculture. 

 Following a listing of typical losses which came to their attention, the authors group the 

 market diseases into two classes. The first comprises the more or less specific and clearly 

 defined diseases, the causal organisms of which have rather narrow host limitations. The 

 second class comprises the diseases not commonly recognized as of importance in the field, 

 the causal organisms of which apparently are not narrowly limited as to host range and do 

 not manifest a' high degree of parasitism as based upon virulence under field conditions. A 

 list of important market diseases arranged according to hosts is given. — J. G. Dickson. 



2044. McCuBBiN, W. A. The brown rot of stone fruits. Bull. Pennsylvania Dept. Agric. 

 3': 1-8. 1 pi., 1 fig. 1920. — In a popular account, brown rot is estimated to cause 15 per cent 

 loss annually in Pennsylvania peaches (crop estimated at 1,000,000 bushels). Because of this 

 disease the transportation problems are more difficult, prices are reduced, picking and market- 

 ing are rushed to prevent excessive loss. Sanitation in the orchard, pruning and thinning, 

 clean cultivation and spraying are recommended as field methods for brown rot control. 

 Cooling of the fruit after picking retards loss in marketing. — C. R. Orton. 



2045. MoLZ, E. Die Typhula-Faule der Zuckerriiben auf den Azoren und ihre Bekamp- 

 fung. [Typhula rot of sugar beets in the Azores and its control.] Zeitschr. Pflanzenkrankh. 

 30: 121-139. Fig. 1-7. 1920. — Tijphula betae Rostr. causes a destructive rot of sugar beets in 

 the Azores. By means of cultural studies of the causal agent and from field study, author 

 concludes that excessively moist atmosphere favors the parasite. The disease follows injury 

 from the larvae of Agrotis segetum, the control of which would also have a beneficial effect on 

 the control of the rot. — H. T. Gussow. 



2046. Piper, C. V., and H. S. Coe. Rhizoctonia in lawns and pastures. Phytopath. 

 9:89-92. 2 pi. 1919. — The authors describe a disease of the common lawn and pasture 

 plants caused by Rhizoctonia solani which results in formation of extensive brown or dead 

 areas in the turf. The disease has been found in several states and is thought to be of gen- 

 eral occurrence in lawns and pastures throughout the eastern quarter of the United States. 

 Inoculations in laboratory and field were made to confirm the diagnosis. Disinfection with 

 Bordeaux mixture gave only temporary control; other chemicals (mercuric chloride, sulphur, 

 iron sulphate) were unsatisfactory. Tests with strains of Agrostis canina and Agrostis 

 stolonifera showed among several very susceptible strains, certain strains of each which were 

 resistant. — G. H. Coons. 



2047. SoRAUER, Paul. Manual of plant diseases. I. Non-parasitic diseases. English 

 translation by Frances Dorrance. 26 x 18 cm., 888 p., 208 fig. Printed privately: Wilkes- 

 Barre, 1914-1920. — A translation without deviation from the original. — D. Reddick. 



2048. Vaughan, R. E., and J. C. Walker. Onion smut. Wisconsin Agric. Exp. Sta. 

 Circ. 114. 1919. — Formaldehyde solution (1 ounce to 1 gallon) applied at the rate of 200 

 gallons per acre controls onion smut when applied to the soil with the seed by using a drip 

 attachment on the seeder. — R. E. Vaughan. 



2049. Zimmerman, Hans. Nematodenbefall (Heterodera) an Kartoffeln. [Nematodes 

 (Heterodera) on potatoes.] Zeitschr. Pflanzenkrankh. 30: 139-145. 4 fig- 1920.— In Meck- 

 lenburg an attack due to nematodes was observed first in 1913. In recent years this trouble 

 has become of more importance in the same locality. Following a description of the course 

 of the disease, such as "rolling of leaves," "drooping, followed by death," author suggests 

 control measures such as rotation, omitting potatoes on infected land for three years, disease 

 free seed, and other methods of sanitation. — H. T. Gussow. 



