No. 1, Mat, 1921] FORESTRY 21 



being taken to re-establish the forests by planting (mainly experimental) and by fencing 

 partially wooded areas against sheep. Only the native birch and possibly Siberian larch give 

 promise of success in forestation. Exotics planted at the experiment station at Aukureyri 

 have not proved satisfactory. Failure is attributed primarily to a moisture deficit brought 

 about by the combined action of a fine impermeable soil and excessive transpiration due to 

 high winds. — G. A. Pearson. 



163. Gibson, A. J. Development of turpentine industry in Germany during the war. 

 Indian Forester 46 : 525-531. 1920. — A short review of a number of papers given in the bibliog- 

 raphy (17 titles) covers in a general way the development of the industry in Germany. — 

 E. N. Munns. 



164. Gill, Walter. Fire protection. Australian Forest. Jour. 3: 199-201. 1920. — A 

 paper read at the Hobart Forestry Conference. The author discusses the subject of fire 

 protection in Australia under the following heads: (1) Fire-breaks, (2) fire-towers, (3) tele- 

 phones, (4) fire-fighting equipment. — C. F. Korsiian. 



165. Graves, Henry S. The Northern Pacific Railway or the nation — which? Jour- 

 Forestry 18: 675-680. 1920. 



166. Hatton, John H. Live-stock grazing as a factor in fire protection on the national 

 forests. U. S. Dept. Agric. Dept. Circ. 134. 4-11, pi. 1-5. 1920. 



167. Hay, R. D. Reportof the forestry commission for year ending June 30, 1920. 34 p., 

 Illus. Sydney, New South Wales, 1920. — A revised scheme of forest management requiring 

 stricter regulation and control over forest working, more complete and systematic utiliza- 

 tion of timber and other forest products and payment therefor, has been established. In 

 some cases the Commission had to undertake the felling and direct conversion of standing 

 timber to remedy wasteful practises. A training school for forestry students was opened 

 with seven students during the year. — The State forests now total 5,085,050 acres. Zamia 

 palm (Macrozamia spiralis) was investigated as a source of industrial alcohol, the bulbs 

 yielding 13.3 gallons per ton and 8.19 per cent starch. Mountain ash {Eucalyptus gigantea) 

 excelled other timbers for airplane construction. Mountain gum {E. dalrympleana) , black- 

 butt (E. pilularis), and spotted gum {E. maculata) are to be tested on a commercial scale for 

 paper pulp value, as these species can be supplied in fair quantity in connection with the 

 working and silvicultural treatment of the State Forests. Mangrove is important in oyster 

 culture and in protecting foreshores from erosion; but owing to the diflBculty of supervision, 

 the areas below high-water mark are being turned over to fishery officials. — E. R. Hodson. 



168. Helms, J. Egene i Silkeborgegnen. [The oaks around Silkeborg.] K. Veterinaer og 

 Landbohoejskole Aarsskr. 1920: 197-222. Fig. 1-18. 1920. — In Denmark Quercus peduncu- 

 lata is the common species, and only in northern Jutland is Q. sessiliflora found to any extent, 

 where it is planted only as a part of the original natural forest. Hybrids of the two species 

 are also found. From 1820 to 1905 only small quantities of the two species were planted, 

 but in latter years larger areas have been laid out with oak. The remaining old oaks in the 

 Silkeborg forests cannot be regarded as typical of the original oak forest; they have been left 

 because of their bad form or inaccessibility. Although the wood is injured by frost cracks, 

 and the young leaves by late frosts, Q. sessiliflora is better adapted for the locality than the 

 other species. — Ernst Gram. 



169. Howard, S. H. Poisoning Bauhinia vahlii. Indian Forester 46:562-572. 1920.— 

 A number of poisons variously applied were tried to develop an effective method of killing 

 climbers. The results were rather inconclusive. However, one application of mercuric 

 chloride or sodium arsenite to the cut and split ends sufficed to kill the climbers. Root 

 sprouting does not seem to be prevented. — E. N. Munns. 



