64 MORPHOLOGY, ETC., VASC. PLANTS [BoT. Absts., Vol. VIII, 



sary; 24 per cent should be the maximum allowed for any dried fruit. Interstate trade 

 demands uniformity of laws regarding maximum water content of fruit products. — E. L. 

 Overholser. 



430. Nichols, P. F. A brief summary of activities of the U. S. Department of Agriculture 

 in dehydration. Monthly Bull. Dept. Agric. California 9: 133-136. 1920.— The basic prin- 

 ciple of dehydration is the reduction of moisture to a point where bacteria, yeasts, and molds, 

 the chief agents of spoilage, are unable to grow. Starchy and sugary vegetables and fruits 

 generally do not show spoilage until a moisture content of 25-30 per cent is reached. The 

 optimum temperature for the spoilage organisms is 70-98° F. ; some grow below 70 and few 

 above 100° F. The Indian meal moth (Plodia interpunctella) is most common and destructive 

 insect pest found in the dried products. — E. L. Overholser. 



431. Tufts, W. P. The Oregon tunnel evaporator. Monthly Bull. Dept. Agric. Califor" 

 nia 9: 131-133. 1920. — The temperature is allowed to rise gradually from 90 or 100 to 120 

 or 140° F., and the finishing temperatures vary from 160 to 185° F., the process generally 

 requiring 24-36 hours. A strong objection to this type of drier is that the fruit can be exam- 

 ined only in the last stages of evaporation. However, it has been found that the circulation 

 of air is such that fruit dries almost perfectly in proportion to the distance from the fire. — 

 E. L. Overholser. 



MORPHOLOGY, ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY OF VASCULAR 



PLANTS 



E. W. SiNNOTT, Editor 

 (See also in this issue Entries 97, 391, 512, 573, 657, 688) 



432. Anonymous. [Rev. of Beauvisage, L. Contribution k I'etude de la famille des 

 Ternstroemiacees. (Contribution to the anatomical study of the Ternstroemiaceae.) Thesis 

 Doct. de Science, Poitier. 470 p., 2^9 fig. 1920.] Bull. Sci. Pharm. 27: 598-599. 1920.— 

 The author examined more than 50 genera and found that 30 of these, generally accredited to 

 the Ternstroemiaceae, do not actually belong to it. He believes that only Ternstroemia, 

 Adiandra, Schima, Haemocharis, Camellia, Thea, and Stetoartia belong to this family, and 

 bases his opinion on an anatomical and morphological study of the plants. The general char- 

 acteristics of these genera are: The flowers have 5 petals and 5 sepals, overlapping each other; 

 numerous stamens, their meristems united with the corolla; a well developed cuticle; numer- 

 ous calcium oxalate crystals; sclereids in the cortical parenchyma of the stem, in the pith, 

 in the limb, in the sepals, in the petals, and in the pericarp. They differ from the 

 Hypericaceae, Guttiferae, and Dipterocarpaceae in the absence of secretion channels. — H. 

 Engelhardt. 



433. Anonymous. [Rev. of: Chambeklain, C. J. The living cycads. xiv + 172 p., 91 

 fig. University of Chicago Press: Chicago.] Sci. Prog. [London] 14: 507-508. 1920. 



434. C, A. H. [Rev. of: Arber, Agnes. Water plants, a study of aquatic angiosperms. 

 436 p., 172 fig. Cambridge Univ. Press: Cambridge, England, 1920.] Jour. Botany 58: 

 296-298. 1920. 



435. Chifflot, F. Sur les canatix secreteurs gommiferes des racines de Cycadacees, et 

 plus particulierement ceux du Stangeria paradoxa T. Moore. [On the latex ducts of the roots 

 of cycads, and especially those of Stangeria paradoxa.] Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. Paris 171: 

 257-258. 1920. — Twelve species of cycads representing 8 genera were studied and in only 1 

 case were latici^erous tubules found in all parts of the root. In this instance they did not 

 occur in the very young rootlets and in the coralloid roots. The canals, whether they anas- 

 tomose or not, are endocelic. They are usually formed schizogenously, but in old roots 

 may have a schizo-lysigenous origin. — C. H. Farr. 



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