130 BIBLIOGRAPHY, BIOGRAPHY, HISTORY [BoT. Absts., Vol. VIII, 



891. Payne, C. H. The chrysanthemum in China. Gard. Chron. Ill, 64: 233-234. 

 1918. — An account by an early Jesuit missionary in 'M^moires concernant I'histoire, les sciences, 

 les arts, les moeurs, les usages, &c. des Chinois. Par les missionaires de P6kin. Tome trois- 

 ifeme. Paris, 1778." A very modern discussion of the flower, strangely overlooked by other 

 early writers on the chrysanthemum. The "Kiu-hoa" or "Chu-hwa" of the Chinese is 

 identified with the Matricaria of Tournefort and other 17th and 18th century botanists, the 

 Chrysanthemum indicum of the Botanical Magazine, and the Anthemis grandiflora of Rama- 

 tuelle, who was the first to describe it from European-grown seeds in 1792, at least 25 years 

 after the account discussed, as this volume, though published in 1778, is dated at the end; 

 "a P6-King ce 3 Novembre, 1767."— M. F. Warner. 



892. P[atne], C. H. Old gardening books. Gard. Chron. Ill, 64: 111. 1918.— Apropos 

 of gardening literature, "The Gentleman and Lady's Gardener" of Robert Edmeade (1776) 

 is noted, which is not only a catalogue of seeds and plants for sale by him, but contains cultural 

 directions and a monthly calendar of operations, together with the Latin name of each plant 

 according to the Linnean classification. — M. F. Warner. 



893. Payne, C. H. Pierre Blancard. Garden 82: 475-476. 1918.— Blancard was born 

 at Marseilles April 21, 1741, and died there March 16, 1826. On his return from his fifth 

 voyage to the Orient he introduced the chrysanthemum into Europe in 1789; it soon spread 

 throughout Provence, was grown at the Jardin des Plantes in Paris, and is said to have been 

 sent to Kew by Cels. It bloomed for the first time in England at Colvill's nursery in Chelsea, 

 and was first figured in the Botanical Magazine as t. 327. — M. F. Warner. 



894. Payne, C. H. T'ao-Yiian-Ming. Garden 82: 444, 455. 1918. — Chinese litterateur 

 and chrysanthemum lover (365-427 A.D.)- Little is told of his cultivation of the flower, 

 save that his favorite was the variety known as "Kiu-hwa-chu" or "Nine glories." Extracts 

 from his writings, and allusions to him in works of other Chinese authors, are quoted. — 

 M. F. Warner. 



895. PoLLACCi, GiNO. In ricordo di Giovanni Briosi. Atti 1st. Bot. Univ. Pavia 17: 

 iii-xvii. Portrait. 1920.— Born at Ferrara, April 26, 1846, died at Pavia, July 20, 1919.— 

 Baccalaureate degree in engineering at the University of Ferrara. Studied also at Torino 

 and Naples and went to Belgium and Germany for training in agriculture. Studied with 

 Kraus and deBary. Founded the agricultural experiment station at Palermo in 1873 and 

 gave a strong stimulus to studies in enology and vegetable pathology. In 1877 he was called 

 to the chemico-agricultural station at Rome where he established an experimental vineyard, 

 propagated 500 varieties of grapes and did much enological work. He was called to the chair 

 of botany at the University of Pavia in 1883. Here he first put the botanical garden in order 

 and reorganized the station for cryptogamic botany, of which he was director. He began 

 the publication of "Atti" which now has reached its 250th memoir. Author of many papers 

 on parasitic fungi and fungus diseases of plants. A leader of Italian botanists. A bibliog- 

 raphy of 161 titles is appended. — D. Reddick. 



896. Ravn, F. K. Experiments in plant culture in Denmark. Scottish Jour. Agric. 3: 

 207-214. 1920. — The first experiments by B. S. Jorgensen in 1860 were largely modelled on 

 those at Rothamsted. A famous pioneer in work with meadow plants was P. Nielsen, who 

 in 1886 was made director of the first Danish state experiment station for field work. Toward 

 the last of the 19th century attempts were made to establish local experiments in plant cul- 

 ture. An outline of work at the present time is given under the following heads: I. The 

 state experimental work in plant industry; II. Experiments conducted by the agricultural 

 societies; III. Plant breeding in its relation to experimental work. [See also Bot. Absts. 8, 

 Entry 69.]— M. F. Warner. 



897. Reddick, Donald. Vem Bonham Stewart. Phytopath. 9: 111-113. Portrait. 

 1919, — A sketch of the life of V. B. Stewart (1888-1918) with a list of his botanical publications. 

 — Neil E. Stevens. 



