148 FORESTBY [BoT. Absts., Vol. VIII, 



1034. Pearson, G. A. Brush disposal in western yellow pine. Jour. Forestry 19: 36-38. 

 1921. — Studies have been made since 1908 on naethods of brush disposal. Sheep damage 

 is prevented by piling the brush and logs together, though heavy brush hinders germination 

 because of depth of litter. With no grazing in such places the grass grows very heavily and 

 root competition is very keen. Where the brush is piled and burned seedlings do best, 

 but because of the succulent vegetation sheep damage is very severe. When protected from 

 grazing growth is exceedingly rapid. Protection from wind and sun is favorable, but detri- 

 mental if at the expense of soil-moisture loss by competition with other plants. Under con- 

 trolled grazing, piling and burning give best results but methods are insignificant when 

 compared with grazing. — E. N . Munns. 



1035. Pelleter, Waldemar. Wiederbesiedlung und Forstwirtschaft. [Colonization and 

 forestry,] Oesterreich. Forst- u. Jagdzeitg. 38: 30-31. 1920. — Following the war there has 

 been a strong movement in Austria back to the land, encouraged by colonization laws that 

 tend to break up large estates. This movement is closely interrelated with forestry, since 

 in many cases it will result in the clearing of forested lands for farms. Many such lands 

 have been under cultivation in the past but have been abandoned after the fertility of the 

 forest humus became exhausted. The lands have reverted to forest and have been 

 bought up in large blocks and placed under forest management. This new movement will 

 decrease the area of such forests and will break up their unity to such an extent that eco- 

 nomical management and logging will be very difficult, if not impossible. The interests of 

 forestry must be protected for the good of the state and in some places for the good of these 

 colonization schemes themselves, as in certain valleys the existence of farms will depend 

 upon the possibility of the owner finding an occupation to supplement his farming. A per- 

 manent forest industry alone can furnish this supplementary occupation. — F. S. Baker. 



1036. PiLLiCHODY, A. Ein Erlenkopfholzbestand. [Alder coppice.] Schweiz, Zeitschr. 

 Forstw. 71:289-290. 1 pi. 1920. — Alder coppice is not as common as willow (Salix alba), 

 especially in the Rhone River bottom. At Epende there are about 4 hectares with stumps 

 10 to 15 meters apart. The stumps are knotty, partly decayed, hollow, and up to .80 meter 

 in diameter, 1.5-2 meters high, and 70-80 years old. This coppice is on a clay soil and is very 

 productive. Each stump supports 6-8 promiment sprouts that provide fuel wood in 10-15 

 years. The yield averages 150 cubic meters with an annual increment of 10-12 cubic meters. 

 — J. V. Hofmann. 



1037. Record, S. J. From wood to cloth. Sci. Amer. 123: 591, 601-602. 4 fig. 1920. 



1038. Riley, Smith. A national game policy. Jour. Forestry 18:767-774. 1920. — A 

 plea is made for the adoption of a national game policy which would call for adequate game 

 protection in order not only to provide hunting but to provide material for active observations 

 of the haunts and activities of wild animals generally. — E. N . Munns. 



1039. RuBNER, K. Die waldbaulichen Folgerungen des Urwaldes. [The conclusions 

 which forest culture derives from the virgin forest.] Naturw. Zeitschr. Forst- u. Landw. 18: 

 201-213. 1920. — It is shown that the cultural forest is not to be considered as primarily 

 unnatural, as is often thought, and that the composition of the virgin forest is not what 

 it is commonly supposed to be. The virgin forests may be pure or extremely mixed; the char- 

 acter is directly dependent upon the climatic and edaphic conditions, and the ability of the 

 various species to adapt themselves. The virgin forest is not typically selection, but more 

 nearly a shelterwood forest. Much is to be learned regarding the value of humus in repro- 

 duction, and it is not to be considered that natural regeneration under the virgin forest de- 

 velops the ideal conditions. It is admitted that clear-cutting, with all its faults, has helped 

 considerably to perpetuate the forests and the more valuable species in Germany. — /. Roeser. 



1040. S., W. Waldschutz. [Forest protection.] Oesterreich Forst- u. Jagdzeitg. 38: 

 53-54. 1920. — A reply to an article of same title by H. Sammereyer (see Bot. Absts. 4, 



