No. 3, July, 1921] BIBLIOGRAPHY, BIOGRAPHY, HISTORY 251 



1767. Roberts, W. Some little known botanists. Card. Chron. Ill, 65: 147. 1919.— 

 Eighteenth century medical men, gleaned from Musgrave's Obituary, and either not found or 

 incompletely treated in Britten and Boulger s Biographical Index of British and Irish Botan- 

 ists, are mentioned. Considerable data are given on Thomas Clarke, prominent in Jamaica 

 affairs from 1774 to his death in 1792; Edwin Sandys of Wadham College (died 1731?), Thomas 

 Brisbane (died 1742), James Newton (died 1750), Richard Kentish (d ed 1792), and many 

 others are mentioned. — M. F. Warner. 



1768. Roper, I. M. Edward Baylis's "Botanic Physic." (Bibliographical notes. LXX.) 

 Jour. Botany 56: 52-54. 1918. — A quarto volume of 563 pages with 41 full-size copper plates 

 of medicinal plants, by Edward Baylis M.D., issued in parts during 1791 and 1792. The 

 work is very rare and no in ormation about the author can be traced. — Neil E. Stevens. 



1769. ScHENCK, Heinrich. Martin Schongauer's Drachenbaum. [The dragon tree of 

 Schongauer.l Naturwiss. Wochenschr. N.F., 19: 775-780. 1 fig. 1920.— The dragon tree 

 (Dracaena Draco) is found in a copperplate of the "Flight into Egypt" engraved by Martin 

 Schongauer about 1469-1474, over 100 years before the first botanical (description and illustra- 

 tion by Clusius. Schongauer could not have drawn his plant from a printed description, as 

 earlier works do not treat of it, while the Herbarius (1484) and Herbarium Apuleji Platonici 

 (1480) had not yet been printed; moreover, the accuracy of the drawing shows that it could 

 only have been made from the living tree. Little is known of Schongauer's life, but he had 

 probably visited southern Spain or Portugal, whither the dragon tree must have been brought 

 by voyagers to the Canaries as early as the middle of the 14th century, as evidenced 

 by very ancient specimens recorded from Cadiz and Lisbon. Schenck further shows that 

 Schongauer's drawing is not only the earliest known representation of the dragon tree, but 

 was evidently the prototype of those found in the work of Diirer, Burgmair, Bosch, Juppe, 

 and Gruninger. — M. F. Warner. 



1770. ScHiPS, M. Die Idee von Typus und ihre Bedeutung f iir Morphologic und Systematik. 

 [The idea of "type" and its significance in morphology and taxonomy.] Naturwiss. Wochenschr. 

 N.F., 18: 401-407. 1919.— A discussion of the development of the 2 opposed philosophical 

 conceptions of the "type," or model, on which living things were created. The realistic, 

 which held that a material type existed and might be found; and the idealistic, which held 

 that the "type" existed only in the mind of the creator. This has, of course, no reference 

 to modern discussions of nomenclatorial type. — Neil E. Stevens^ 



1771. Schuster, Julius. Die Dokumenten-Sammlung Darmstaedter der Preussischen 

 Staatsbibliothek und ihre Bedeutung als historisches Archiv fiir Naturwis sens chaf ten und 

 Medizin. [The Darmstaedter document collection of the Prussian state library and its impor- 

 tance as source for the history of natural science and medicine.] Naturwiss. Wochenschr. 

 N.F., 19: 707-710. 1920. — Some of tlie more important sources to be found in this library 

 are indicated and the importance of research in the history of science is emphasized. — Neil 

 E. Stevens. 



1772. S[cott], D. H. Edward Alexander Newell Arber. Proc. Linn. Soc. London 131: 

 39-48. 1919.— Biographical sketch of Newell Arber (1870-1918), and outline of his scientific 

 work with particular reference to paleobotany. A chronological list (1899-1918), prepared by 

 his wife, of 82 books and papers is appended. [See also Bot. Absts. 8, Entry 1643.] — M. F. 

 Warner. 



1773. Scott. D. H. The late Ethel Sargant. Jour. Botany 56: 115-116. 1918.— Miss 

 Sargant was distinguished for her researches in cytology and in the comparative anatomy of 

 seedlings. [See also Bot. Absts. 5, Entry 72.] — Neil E. Stevens. 



1774. Seward, A. C. Reginald Philip Gregory. Nature 102: 247-248. 1918.— R. P. 

 Gregory (1879-1918) was a "good all-round botanist," whose contributions to the knowledge 

 of the genetics and cytology of giant races of Primula were of special interest. [See also 

 Bot. Absts. 5, Entry 1234; 8, Entry 8Z0.]— Neil E. Stevens. 



