No. 3, July, 1921] FORESTEY 263 



F. americana, F. pennsylvanka, and F. oregona resulted in progeny in nowise different from 

 the carpellate parent. The author believes the artificial production of hybrid trees should 

 be taken up seriously through the establishment of a research station, either in France or in 

 the U. S. A.—C. R. Tillotson. 



1858. Hood, Constance C, and Muriel I. Bacon. Forestry in Morocco. Quart. 

 Jour. Forest. 14: 165-169. 1920.— Contrary to a commonly accepted idea, Morocco is not a 

 desert country. The whole forest area may be divided into 3 zones. The 1st comprises the 

 Forest of Marmora of 325,000 acres; it is open and without underwood. The species are 

 cork-oak, Arar {Thuya quadrivalvia) , and wild pear. The cork-oak makes this forest of 

 especial interest and importance, it being the largest known forest of this species; the trees 

 appear to flourish better here than in any other region, and the bark can be removed every 

 8 years (as compared with 13 years in the south of France), being then over an inch in 

 thickness.— The 2nd zone covers a very large area, at present practically unsurveyed, extend- 

 ing over the Anti-Atlas regions. The species are cork-oak, maritime pine, cedar, juniper, 

 yew, and maple. Large tracts of Ilex yield an excellent timber especially suitable for rail- 

 road ties. For the most part, the cedar grows pure and produces magnificent timber. Cedars 

 300-400 years old are 35-40 m. high and 5-6 m. in girth. These forests represent an enormous 

 reserve awaiting future exploitation.— The 3rd zone is found in the south, in the Mogador- 

 Agadir district, and comprises 1,250,000 acres. The soil is generally poor, varying from almost 

 pure sand in the coast regions to calcareous in the extreme easterly portions. The prevailing 

 species is the Argan (Argania sideroxylon) , of peculiar botanical interest because of its very 

 limited distribution. The wood is very hard, heavy (sinks in water), and makes excellent 

 charcoal. The first yields Argan oil, an important article of food in southern Morocco. In 

 this region also juniper and Arar occur. The latter species provided the material for the 

 celebrated Roman tables of "mottled wood;" it is also tapped for resin.— There has been con- 

 siderable activity in planting trees for ornamental purposes. The trees used chiefly for this 

 purpose are eucalyptus, mulberry, sycamore, Aleppo pine, Bella Ombra, and poplar.— C. R. 

 Tillotson. 



1859. Hrp. Zur Reform der Staatsforstverwaltung in Oesterreich. [Reform of the state 

 forest administration in Austria.] Allg. Forst- u. Jagd-Zeitg. [Wien] 38: 87-88. 1920.— For 

 a long time there has been a movement on foot among Austrian foresters to place technical 

 foresters in the highest administrative offices in place of the jurists, who now occupy such 

 positions. There are a number of indications (spring 1920) that the foresters have at last 

 won their point. — F. S. Baker. 



1860. Kay, James. Notes on jack pines and Sitka spruce. Trans. Roy. Scottish Arboric. 

 Soc. 34: 149-155. 1920. — Botanical and silvical descriptions of Pinus divaricata (P. bank- 

 siana), P. contorta, P. conlorta var. murrayana, and Picea sitchensis. — C. R. Tillotson. 



1861. L., F., und K. V. Zum Entwurfe eines neuen Forst-Servituten Gesetzes. [Plans 

 for a new forest servitude law.] Allg. Forst- u. Jagd-Zeitg. [Wien] 38: 135-137. 1920.— Two 

 separate articles under one title.— F. L. points out the harm of the present system of servitudes 

 dating from 1853. As originally given out they permitted the use of only a fraction of the 

 total wood product, and much wood was left over in the forest to go to waste. Now, however, 

 they seriously embarrass the proper exploitation of the forests, since all holders of rights 

 take the maximum allowance whether they use it personally or not, selling any surplus. 

 Furthermore, the servitude gives a right to 70 per cent firewood and 30 per cent sawtimber, 

 whereas the forest is actually producing about 70 per cent sawtimber and 30 per cent firewood. 

 The deficiency necessitates the giving of sawtimber for use as firewood. The opinion that 

 the servitudes ought to be changed is general; the holders of rights desire further extension, 

 while foresters and others favor limitation. — K. V. desires a change in the servitudes in the 

 interests of uniformity as they are quite variable in different parts of Austria. He regards 

 them as a part of the rights of the people under a republican form of government, and would 

 have them extended. — F. S. Baker. 



BOTANICAI, ABSTSACTS, VOL. VIII, NO. 3 



