No. 3, July, 1921] PALEOBOTANY 303 



2079. Lettau, G. Schweizer Flechten. I. [Swiss lichens I.] Hedwigia 60: 84-128. 

 1918. — Lists of lichens collected at various points in Switzerland, with descriptive notes. 

 [See also following entry.] — //. M. Fitzpatrick. 



2080. Lettau, G. Schweizer Flechten. II. [Swiss lichens II.] Hedwigia 60: 267-312. 

 1919. — A continuation of a previous paper bj^ the author (see preceding entry), and giving 

 lists of lichens with descriptive notes, based on collections made at additional points in 

 Switzerland. — H. M. Fitzpatrick. 



2081. Zahlbruckner, A. Flechtensystematische Studien. I. Die Flechtengattung 

 Rhabdospora Miill. Arg. [Systematic studies on lichens. I. The lichen genus Rhabdospora.] 

 Hedwigia 59: 301-304, 305, 306. 2 fig. 1917, 1918.— A critical study of the morphology of the 

 thallus and fruit-body. The genus is said to differ from Bactrospora in that the algal com- 

 ponent belongs to the Cyanophyceae, and in that the fruit-body is pyrenocarp. — H. M. 

 Fitzpatrick. 



2082. ZscHACKE, Hermann. Die mitteleuropaischen Verrucariaceen. [The Verrucaria- 

 ceae of middle Europe.) Hedwigia 60: 1-9. 1918. — Brief notes on species of Staurothele 

 and Polyblastia. — //. J\I. Fitzpatrick. 



BACTERIA 



2083. Barnes, W. H. The activity of staphylococci in milk. Jour. Infect. Diseases 

 28: 259-204. 1921. — The growth of staphylococci in milk is suggested as a factor in their 

 classification, due to the variety of reactions obtained. — Selman A. Waksman. 



2084. Haner, R. C., and W. D. Frost. The characteristics of the microcolonies of some 

 pathogenic cocci. Jour. Infect. Diseases 28: 270-274. 2 pi. 1921. — A new method of drying 

 down and staining colonies of bacteria only a few hours old is described and a study is made 

 of microcolonies of some staphylococci, streptococci, and pneumococci. — Selman A . Waksman. 



2085. Rahn, Otto. Versuche einer natiirlichen Gruppierung der Bakterien. [An attempt 

 at presenting a natural classification of the bacteria.] Centralbl. Bakt. II Abt. 50: 273-293. 

 Fig. 2. 1920. — A theoretical discussion of the origin and inter-relationships of the various 

 groups of the bacteria. No detailed system of classification is outlined, the results of the 

 inquiry being chiefly negative. — H. M. Fitzpatrick. 



PALEOBOTANY AND EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY 



E. W. Berry, Editor 

 (See also in this issue Entries 2007, 2008) 



2086. Arber, E. A. Newell. Devonian floras, a study of the origin of Cormophyta. 100 

 p., 47 fig. Cambridge Univ. Press: 1921. — An incomplete summary of Devonian plants results 

 in considering them to represent 2 radically different types, — an earlier, termed the Psilophy- 

 ton flora or Procormophyta, and a later, termed the Archaeopteris flora. The former, possibly 

 comprising the genera Psilophyton (which Arber considers identical with thepetrified material 

 known as Rhynia), Ptilophyton, Thursophyton, Barrandeina, Barinophyton, and Taeniocrada, 

 are considered as Thallophj'ta which anatomically were intermediate between algae and 

 vascular plants. The latter, comprising the genera Sphenophyllum, Pseudobornia, Archae- 

 opteris, Rhacopteris, Bothrodendron, etc., are considered true pteridophytic plants closely 

 related to their descendants of the Lower Carboniferous. — The Sphenophyllum-Calamite- 

 Equisetum line, the fern line, and the Lepidodendron-Sigillaria-Lycopod line are consisdered 

 unrelated and independent derivatives of algal ancestors. The existing Psilotales are consid- 

 ered to represent a relatively modern group resulting from the transmigration of algae and 

 not related to the Psilophy tales, and the Bryophy ta are considered to have had a like indepen- 



