84 BOTANICAL GAZETTE. 



b. The threads from the spores produce a limited growth which devel- 

 ops into a promycelium ; this instead of "sporidia" proper pro- 

 duces slender branches, which, growing toward each other, copu- 

 late by their ends. From this point of union another growth be- 

 gins. 

 2 Thecaphora, Fiugerh. 



T. hyalina, Fingerh. 



II. The promycelium by transverse septa divides itself into several cells 

 from each of which one or more "sporidia" are produced. 



3. Ustilago, Link. (Persoon, Tulasne.) 



4. Schizonella, Schroeter (in Cohn's Beitr. z. Biol. d. Pfl. II 

 Bd. p. 362.) 



5. Tolysporium, mihi. 



T. Junci. (Syn. Sorosporium Junci, Schr.) 



III. The promycelium produces on its end a whorl of 2 to 8, usually spin- 

 dle shaped branches ("sporidia") which by pairs usually copulate sidewise. 

 With or sometimes without this copulation these "sporidia" produce either 

 secondary "sporidia," or long, simple or branched thin mycelial threads. 



6. Tilletia, Tulasne. 



7. Entyloma, de Bar v. To which genus as before understood 



the two species E. Aschersonii and E. Magnmii are added 



8. Melanot^enitjm, de Bary. 



M. endogenum, de Bary. This may yet be united with 

 Entyloma. 



9. Schroeteria, Winter. 



Schr. Delastrina, Winter. (8yn. Geminella Delaatrina, 

 Schroeter.) 



10. Urocybtis, Rabenhorst. Of this genus the mode of growth 

 of but four species has been observed, i. e. U. occulta. Rab., 

 U. pompholygodes, Rab., U. Violas, F. v. Wald., and TT.prim- 

 ulicola, P. Magnus. U. Oorydalu, Niessl., (in Thuemen 

 Mycoth. 1626) is more nearly related to Entyloma as here 

 understood, but is very different from Entyloma Corydalis, 

 de Bary. 



11. Tttburcinia, Fries. 



T. Trientalis, Berkeley and Broome. 



IV. Mode of growth unknown. Here however are placed all the species 

 of Sorosporium, Rudolph, and Thecaphora, Fingerh., whose*mode of growth has 

 uot been certainly shown; and also the genus 



12. Vossia, Thuemen. 



V. Molina 1 , Thuem. (Winter had placed this under Til- 

 letia.) 



J. T. KOTHROCK. 



Respiration of Plants. — We were once taught that one of 



the essential differences between animals and plants is that the 



former exhale carbonic acid and inhale oxygen, while in the latter 



the process is reversed So long as chlorophyll-bearing plants alone 



wore studied this view was to a certain extent excusable, for the 



more abundant effects of assimilation obscured the comparatively 



small effects of respiration. But modern investigation has come to 



• a knowledge of the fact that the activities of every living cell. 



whether plant or animal, are similar, and that oxygen starvation is 



just i-i certain destruction for a plant cell as for an animal cell. 



The food used and the excretory products are in both eases the 



same. In regard to chlorophyll-Bearing plants then the additional 



sment can be made that some plants differ from most animals 



ml a ]] other plants in being able to make' their own food. 



