240 



BOTANICAL GAZETTE. 



Morphological Notes. 



1. Juglans cinereo. and J. nigra are both possessed of winter 

 buds composed of entire transformed leaves. The buds under 

 consideration are the terminal buds. The scales in the former 

 species (Fig. 1) are somewhat tapering, although thick and broad 



throughout their entire length. Those of the latter (Fig. 

 2) are broad at either end, but contracted at the cen- 

 ter. In both cases a series of narrow grooves, 

 running parallel from the raised ridge in the 

 middle to the edges on either side, indicate the 

 x i!4 leaflets of our transformed leaf. This portion, 

 l~'3 m ' however, is confined to the tip; hence the 

 greater part of these scales must be composed of the 

 common petiole of a compound leaf. 



2. The same structure is visible in Fraxinus quadrangu- 

 lata, Mx. In this case the buds are not long, as are 

 those of Juglans, but short and conical. The outer 

 scales (Fig. 3) show the same ribbed structure, indicat- 

 ing leaves. In this case we again have scales composed 

 chiefly of the common petioles of compound leaves, but 

 the leaflets still remain attached in a rudimentary con- 

 dition, as in the case of Juglans. 



3. In Negundo aceroides the scales (Fig. 4, a) are of an ovoid 

 shape, and bear at the tip three small leaflets, which, however, 



■ Ju shrivel up and fall off in winter, leaving a scar on 



a K each scale at the tip (Fig. 4, b). In this plant, there- 

 f§H fore, the scales consist only of the remaining com- 

 Fig.IV mon petiole of a compound leaf. In other members 

 of the genus Fraxinus, where indications of leaflets never ap- 

 pear, the scales may be considered as composed only of the 

 common petiole, the leaflet being obsolete. 



4. Sassafras officinale has scales bearing such plain veins that 

 we may confidently attribute their origin to the blades of leaves. 



5. In Smilax hispida the petioles remain during winter half 



surrounding the bud and acting as one of the outer 

 scales of the hibernaculum (Fig. 5). The tendrils, 

 ' which are transformed stipules, also remain, being at- 

 tached to the petiole. The remaining scales composing 

 the proper envelopes of the hibernaculum, in this case, 

 may be considered the bases of petioles, much changed 

 in their new capacity. 



Fia.III 



Fig.y 



