482 



STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



strument in determining the elevations of the points recorded in both 

 above, the readings would appear in a table as seen below. 



TABLE II. 



Fig. 12. Illustrating how a carpenter's level may be mounted on a stand and used for leveling. 



Observe: 1. The elevation of point (1) had already been established. 



2. The instrument was set once for each stake whose elevation was 

 sought, and each time a back-sight reading and a fore-sight reading were 

 taken and both readings were recorded in the table after the number of 

 the point whose elevation was sought with that particular setting. 



3. In each case the back-sight was taken at the point whose eleva- 

 tion was last previously determined. 



4. In each case adding the back-sight reading to the elevation of 

 the point at which the back-sight reading was taken gives the height of 

 instrument and substracting the fore-sight gives the elevation of the 

 point at which the fore-sight reading was taken. 



SIMPLE DEVICES SOMETIMES USED IN LEVELING. 



Where there is a good fall or where a single drain of large sized tile 

 is to be laid on a fair fall, rather crude devices are sometimes used with 

 satisfactory results. 



There are to be had on the markets cheap leveling devices ranging from 

 fS to |10 in price. 



A device sometimes used is illustrated in Fig. 12. It consists of a one- 



