86 BOTANICAL GAZETTE. 



PacUystima Mi/rsimtea, Raf. A low, bushy shrub, 1 to 3 feet high, in the Cascades, 

 rather rare. 



Mhamnus Purshiami, DC. A shrub of 6 feet to a tree 35 feet high and a trunlc 4 to 

 6 inches. Fruits sparingly, not common. 



OeaiiotJms Oreyidius, Nutt. A shrub 6 to y feet liigh, in thickets on the Williamette 

 River, conspicuous with numerous thyrsi of wliite flowers in May. 



Ceanothus velutmus, Dougl. A Inishy branching shrub, 2 to -i feet high, in con- 

 iferous woods on tlie Cascades, not rare. 



Pranus emarginata, Walpers, var. mollis, Brewer (P. mollis, Walpers.) The Oregon 

 Cherry. This is a small tree remarkable for its great abundance in many mountain 

 localities. Abounds also, sparingly, in the valleys. It is notable for its straight upright 

 trunks, and for the thickness of its growth on the ground, the full capacity ot the soil 

 being monopolized b}^ it over large areas. The trunks, from 1 to 4 or o inches in diam- 

 eter, attain the height of 20 to 40 feet, often so dense that a pedestrian finds it difficult 

 to pass through them. The fruit is small, red and not edible. 



Pntims demissa, Walj^ers. A small bush, much resembling P. Virgitiiana, with 

 larger but equally astringent fruit. 



Nuttallia cerasiforiiiis, Torr. & Gr, A shrub in thickets on the Williamette River, 

 4 to G feet high, bearing fruit in drooping racemes, the size and color of AmelariGhier 

 (iliiifolia, but not edible. 



Neillia opulifolia, Bentli. & Hook. {Spinva opalifoUa, Linn.) Abundant in the 

 valleys, along streams, forming dense thickets. 



Spivmt discolor, Pursh., var. ariafoliK, Watson (8. aricvfolia. Smith.). A shrub or- 

 dinarily 6 feet high, but attaining rarely 20 feet, and five inches in diameter. Of strag- 

 gling growth and very conspicuous and ornamental in woods with its numerous large 

 panicles of white flowers. 



Spinea Douglasii, Hook. An abundant shrub, 4 to 8 feet high, forming impene- 

 trable thickets in the low lands of t!ie valleys, higlily ornamental in flower, with nu- 

 merous dense panicles of rose purple flowers. Large areas of the best meadow land of 

 the state are overgrown with this shrub and but little inroads have as yet been made 

 upon its domain by the agriculturalists, its extermination evidently being a work of 

 great difficulty. 



Spiraea Douglasii, Hook., var. Meiiziesii, Presl. {8. Menziesii, Hook.) This is evi- 

 dently the same as the foregoing, modified in its characters solelj^ by its habitat — when 

 growing in water it becomes the smooth S. Menziesii, of Hooker. 



Sptrma hetulmfolin, Pallas. A shrub one foot high, on the diy hills of the Cascades, 

 with white flowers, and also subalpine in wet places, 4 feet high, with rose-red flowers. 

 The two forms apparently merit specific distinction, but are united by authors. Both 

 forms are rare and confined exclusively to the habitats mentioned. 



Rosa blaiida,, Ait. A species occurring in valleys is referred here with some doubt. 



Bosa Calif ornica, Cham. As Schlecht. A large species, forming thickets and clumps 

 in the valleys. Grows 10 feet high and fruits abundantly. It is conspicuous in Sep- 

 tember with its dense clusters of oval pale-red fruit; flowers medium or rather small. 



Rosa, Kamtschatica, Vent. On low wet ground in the valleys, 2 t) 4 feet high. 

 Young branches and shoots densely clothed with a brownish pubescence, straight prick- 

 les and recurved spines. A strikingly coarse and unattractive species. 



Rosa gymiiocnrpa, Nutt. This is the small flowered, small and sparsel}' fruited 

 species on hills throughout. 



Rosa pisocarpa, Gray. A recently described species, in wet places in the valleys, 

 flowers medium, fruit very small and in clusters. 



Ritbus ursiims, Cham. & Schlecht. (R. miicropetalus, Dougl.) On low, rather wet 

 lands and river banks. Low and straggling, frequently trailing over logs and climbing 

 on bushes. This is the blackberry of Oregon. It is in part diojcious or imperfectly di- 



