BOTANICAL GAZETTE. 91 



where water was still standing:, and in these the lower leaves presented the usual dissected 

 appearance. 



I also found Elwrkii/ proaerpiimcoides, Willd., growing in moist soil, at some 

 distance from any water. Apparently the ground was kept moist by the thick trees. 



During the autum of '73 I frequently found Viola Canadensii, L., and V. rostrota, 

 Parsh., with apetalous flowers and large full capsules, and occasionally V . MuMenherrjii, 

 Torr., i)resented this feature. I do not refer to subterranean apetalous flowers, but those 

 growing upon the stems. Many species have the subterranean capsules. Since I came 

 to Connecticut I have found Viola mjittntn. Ait., and V. lanceolata, L., with the char- 

 acter described above, that is with apetalous flowers, both subterranean and on scapes. 



Found one T rillium f/mndiflornin, SalisV)., with four leaves, four petals, four sepals, 

 four stamens, two stigmas, ovary four angled and one edge each of two opposite petals 

 curled as if they had partiall}' absorbed the two missing stamens. Once I found a 

 Trillium er(/throrarpum,vdV. Gkcelimdicum, Wood., with six sepals and fifteen petals all 

 green. 



Oct., 25, 1873, I found a tialix in fruit, wliicli was well ripened, and some of it 

 falling from the scales. The leaves were mostly fallen, and what remained were so 

 blackened by the frost that the species could not be determined with certainty. They 

 resembled those of S. lucida. The question in regard to it was, is this the second fruit- 

 ing of the season? 



In the spring of '73 I found a field of more than two acres covered with the flower 

 of Valeriana sylcatica, L. The next spring scarce a blossom could be found in this 

 field, and this was the only field then seen that produced them. A few were afterwards 

 found in another field. "What caused their disappearance? Nearby was an abundance 

 of Cijpnpedium spertjOiile, Swartz., and the finest specimens I ever saw. The next year 

 not a flower could be found in the locality, and only one plant, a half starved specimen 

 with two leaves. Why this change? I think tli:it if a reason could be found for these 

 disappearances, it would throw light on the question of veracity which has arisen in 

 regard to the statements of some writers, who having said they had found certain flow- 

 ers in a certain location, have been judged to be mistaken, because others could never 

 find those flowers in the same localities. 



Tlie Arctostnphi/lox Uoa-urni, Spreng., sometimes occurs in Michigan with leaves 

 ciliate on the margin, petioles pubescent, stamens pubescent, and young branches 

 quite so. — N. Colemax, Blou/njield, Conn. 



Foreign Plants in ISToiitiierx California. — At the time of the publication of 

 the B(jt. Cal., Vol. I, last spring, Verbascuiu Thapsus, L., was "yet unknown on the 

 Pacific coast." But I find it well established and apparently spreading too rapidly at 

 several localities in tlie interior of the extreme northern portion of the State. 



In an old field near Yreka, Siskij'ou county, there grows a great quantity of another 

 foreigner, and one which has not often been recorded as established, or even adventive 

 in North Amei'ica, namely, Lapidium Draba, L., of Europe. Datura Tatula, L., is here 

 first recorded from California. It occurs plentifully^ by the roadside, at Callahan's 

 Ranch, biskiyou county. — Env/ u L. Greene, Yreka, Cal, 



Root-Leaves OP Alisma Plant ago, var. Americanitm, Gray. — AVhileon a botaniz- 

 ing tour near New Harmony, Ind., last May, 1 came to a small pond in which the 

 water was gradually drying up. On approachinfr the border I found what was then a 

 plant from 2-4 inches high, which was just beginning to bud, aud in some plants flow- 

 ers were partially opened. A more thorough examination proved that these plants were 

 not found within 4-5 ft. of the water's edge, but from this on to several feet . Under the 

 water, the muddy surface was covered by tufts of a grassy looking plant, the thin 

 membranous leaves {phyllodia ?) of which were linear-lanceolate, from 2-5 inches long, 

 from J^-3^ inch broad. Turning my attention now to the plants first found I discov- 



