BOTANICAL GAZETTE. 147 



Gray, FediaNuttallii, T. & G., E ngelmannia pinnntifida, T. & G., Monarda Russellinmi, 

 Nutt., Andrachne Ilmmeriana, Muller, Spiranthes renealis, Eng. & Gray. They will be 

 sold in sets of 100 species for $10. The species have been named by Dr. Engelman. 



Mrs. M. E. P. Ames, of San Jose, California, has .sent to this office a limited num- 

 ber of sets of California plants to be sold. The Editor has examined the plants and can 

 recommend them as being exceedingly desirable species. They are put up in sets of 50 

 species for $5.00. Any botanists desirous of securing these specimens will address 

 the office at Hanover, Ind. 



Mr. C. G. Pringle, of Charlotte, Vt., offers for exchange or sale a few sets of the 

 Alpine Plants of New England, the fruit of his extensive herborizing during the past 

 summer in the White and Green Mountains. Mr. Priugle's collections contain Gen- 

 tiana Avinrella, var., ticuta (American Naturalist, Vol. XI., p. 620), Anemone nultijida, 

 Astragalus. Bobbinsit', Gnaphalium supimun, Orchis rotund t folia, Danthonia compressa, 

 and nearly all the other rare plants of his region. 



American Natunilist, Sejitember. Byron D. Halsted has an illustrated paper on 

 "Reproduction in Fresh-Water Algte." He points out a few of the methods of asexual 

 and sexual reproduction, and shows that the often supposed sameness of reproduction 

 in these plants of low grade is lost in an endless variety of methods and changes. In 

 an article on "Violets," is given a preliminary sketch of the literature in reference to the 

 two kinds of flowers so often observed in many of the species of violet. In many 

 species flowers appear in summer entirely unlike the more showy ones of early spring. 

 Flowers of this kind have long been known, but they need to be more carefully exam 

 ined with reference to their specific peculiarities. The object of the present sketch is 

 the hope that some of our botanists may collect and study these forms. The first obser- 

 vations recorded of flowers of this kind were in 1732, by Dillenius and Linnseus, in the 

 case of Viola mirabilis. Several interesting extracts with reference to this subject are 

 given from the Botanische Zeitung. Some botanists have even suggested that the species 

 of violets may be distinguished by the characters of the late flowers. 



Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, August. — Dr. Thurber gives an interesting 

 notice of "An Orange within an Orance." He says "the genus Citrus appears to have a 

 remarkable tendency to produce abnormal forms, and probably alfords writers on vege- 

 table teratology more illustrati(ms than almost any other." Dr. J. F. Joor, of Harris- 

 burg, Texas, makes an interesting observation on Callitriche NuttalUi, Torr. -He finds 

 that the supposetl rooting from the joints of the prostrate stem a mistake, but that "after 

 the flowers arc fertilized, the peduncles lengthen, at the same time turning downwards, 

 until the little nutlets, characteristic of the genus, are forced quite beneath the surface 

 of the moist earth. If collected at this time, the peduncles appear like roots, bearing 

 little tubers at their ends." Mr. Leggctt has found that Fontedcria cordata is tri- 

 morphic. Of the three kinds of flowers, "one has the stigma raised on the style to the 

 lop of the flower, a second only to the middle of the flower or top of the tube, and the 

 third with a very short style at the bottom of the tube." 



Gardner's Monthly, September. This journal is always full of valuable and season- 

 able information for horticulturists and botanists in general. This number contains 

 quite a long and very readable communication from the editor entitled, "European 

 Notes." 



Mr. Darwin on the Fertilization of Flowers by Thomas Meehan. — This is^a review 

 of Mr. Darwin s work on "Cross and Self-Fertilization in the Vegetable Kingdom." 

 Mr. Meehan gives Mr. Darwin unbounded praise for his patient, laborious work, Inithe 

 does not draw the same conclusions from the same facts, and believes that there is infin- 

 itely more self-fertilization among flowers than advocates of insect agency have been 

 contending for. 



