January, 1920] GENETICS 'J 



52. Lotsy, J. P., met medewerking van II. V Kooiman en M. A. J. Goed De 

 Oenotheras als kernchimeres. [The Oenotheras considered as nuclear chimeras.) G tl: 

 7-69, 113-129. Jan. -Mar., 1919. — First of a series which Lotsy hopes to publish under colli 

 tive title "Proven en beschouwingen over evolutie," ["Experiments and considerations on 



evolution."] The hypotheses with which he works precedes. — Content-, of first article are 

 as follows: All Oenotheras produce mostly gametes of same kind as those out of which they 

 have been built up themselves; in other words passing through thousands of divisions and e 

 the reduction division the original gametes are supposed to keep intact their individuality 

 and to lie near each other in diploid phase independently like the composing tissues of, e.g., 

 a Solarium chimera. Following the system of Renner author has given names to the different 

 gametes with which his experiments are concerned. Most of the so-called Oenothera species, 

 if not all, produce principally two kinds of gametes and are themselves the result of union of 

 two different gametes. Therefore, Lotsy summarises that all Oenotheras with which Renner 

 and he himself have worked are neither species nor hybrids, but nuclear chimeras. There 

 is a certain restriction to be made: Author remarks that absolute nuclear chimeras do not 

 exist since gametes will influence each other now and then in some degree. Of the more 

 important inter-influences Lotsy mentions that the plurichromosomal mutants come into being 

 when one of the chromosome complexes takes one or more chromosomes of the other in the 

 reduction divisions. Exchange of chromosomes, or even of qualities, gives rise to aequichromo- 

 somal mutants. When these exchanges are seldom they result in the mutations of de Vries, 

 and when they are frequent, to mass mutations. — In last chapter author treats problems of 

 the gene and develops following hypothesis: Chromosomes cause characters and there are as 

 many groups of characters as there are chromosomes. It is therefore superfluous to assume 

 existence of independent genes; mere chance distribution of the chromosomes will explain 

 normal Mendelian segregations. Problem of duplicate factors is solved when we accept that 

 chromosome causing a special characteristic is represented more than once in one of the gam- 

 etes of the individuals crossed inter se, instead of assuming that different genes have similar 

 effects. Series of gametes present themselves forming reduplication series but these have 

 nothing to do with real reduplication, coupling or repulsion. The data which remains 

 unsolved are those of real coupling and repulsion, as chiefly given by the school of Bateson and 

 of Morgan.— Briefly formulated Lotsy's hypothesis of the nuclear chimeras involves a coupling 

 of chromosomes more or less extensive. — H. N. Kooiman. 



53. Love, H. H., and W. T. Craig. The synthetic production of wild wheat forms. Jour. 

 Heredity 10:51-64. 9 fig. Feb., 1919.— See Bot. Absts. 3, Entry 1012. 



54. MacCaughey, Vaughan. Race mixture in Hawaii. Jour. Heredity 10: 90-95. 

 Feb., 1919— See Bot. Absts. 3, Entry 1013. 



55. Magnusson, H. Geschlechtslose Zwillinge. Eine gewohnliche Form von Hermaph- 

 roditismus beim Rinde. [Sexless twins. A usual form of hermaphroditism in cattle.] 

 Archiv Anat. Physiol. 1918: 29-62. 3 pi, 8 fig. 1918.— See Bot. Absts. 3, Entry 1014. 



56. Matouschek. [Rev. of: Vogtherr, Karl. Uber die theoretischen Grundlagen des 

 Variabilitats- und Deszendenz-problems. (On the theoretical foundations of the variability 

 and descendence problems.) Zeitschr. indukt. Abstamm. Vererb. 19:39-72. Mar., 191S.] 

 Zentralbl. Physiol. 33 : 287-288. 1918. 



57. Miyazaw'a, B. Studies of inheritance in the Japanese Convolvulus. Jour. Genetics 

 8:59-82. PI 2, 1 fig. Dec, 1918. — Original material for experiments was of two types: — 

 A, leaf yellow (chlorina) and flower white with throat tinged magenta; B, leaf green and flower 

 dark red. Fi plants from reciprocal crosses between these types had green leaves and light 

 magenta ("red") flowers with white margins, latter factor supposed to have been borne by 

 white parent. F2, F3, F4, progenies and back-crosses between Fi plants and parent types gave 

 further data supporting theory that green leaf color is dominant to yellow, and white margin 

 of corolla to full color, and colored flowers to white, all allelomorphic characters segregating 



