68 PHYSIOLOGY [Bot. Absts. 



At the end of 5 years, a glucoside 08-glucoside of a-naphthyllic alcohol) was isolated in crystals. 

 This glucoside does not reduce copper solutions but, on hydrolysis with sulphuric acid or 

 emulsin, copper solutions were reduced. — V. H. Young. 



ORGANISM AS A WHOLE 



450. Bracher, Rose. Observations on Euglena deses. Ann. Bot. 33: 93-108. 5 fig. 

 1919. 



451. Neidig, R. E., C. W. Colver, H. P. Fishburn, and C. L. von Ende. Factors 

 involved in the ripening of fruits. Idaho Agric. Exp. Sta. Bull. 104:22-25. 1918. 



GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT, REPRODUCTION 



452. Trowbridge, C. C, and Mable Weil. The coefficient of expansion of living tree 

 trunks. Science 48: 348-350. 1918. 



TEMPERATURE RELATIONS 



453. Kidd, Franklin, and Cyril West. The influence of temperature on the soaking 

 of seeds. New Phytol. 18: 35-39. 1919. — "The soaking of pea seeds (Pisum sativum) and of 

 bean seeds (Phaseolus vulgaris) in excess of water is injurious at all temperatures, that is, the 

 number and vigor of the plants produced are diminished. This injurious effect is more marked 

 with low temperatures of soaking (5-10°C.) than with medium temperatures (15-20°C). At 

 higher temperatures the amount of injury resulting again increases, so that the curve of the 

 number of plants produced from seeds soaked at different temperatures rises and falls about 

 an optimum in the region of 15-20°C." — Authors' summary. 



TOXIC AGENTS 



454. Regan, W. S. Progress of experiments for destroying Ribes with chemicals. Rept. 

 White Pine Blister Rust Control. Amer. Plant Pest Committee Bull. 2: 15-16. 1919.— See 

 Bot. Absts. 3, Entry 416. 



MISCELLANEOUS 



455. Grove, Otto. A ropy cider bacillus. Ann. Rept. Agric. and Hort. Res. Sta. Univ. 

 Bristol 1917: 15-17. [1918.] — Samples of cloudy cider held for 6 months became nearly milky 

 with a ropy deposit. The deposit; consisted principally of bacteria. The aroma and flavor 

 were acetic; specific gravity 1.001; acid (determined as malic) 0.9 per cent; tannin 0.08 per cent; 

 alcohol 4.02 per cent by weight. — A small rod shaped organism is said to cause the trouble. 

 It is irregular in size, 1.5-2.5 — 0.3-0.5m, often in twos and in short chains, revolving motility 

 in a few individuals, involutions forms not uncommon, spores not observed. Growth in vari- 

 ous media is described. Malic, tartaric and citric acids added to 2 per cent glucose in "yeast 

 water" practically suppressed growth in 0.4 per cent concentrations and entirely suppressed 

 it in 0.8 per cent concentrations. — It is thought that if the mixture of apples used to make 

 cider contains a sufficient proportion of sour apples to bring the initial acidity up to 0.5 per 

 cent, or more, there is no danger of ropiness setting in. — D. Reddick. 



456. Hills, T. L., and J. J. Putnam. The influence of various woods on bacterial activity 

 in the soil. Idaho Agric. Exp. Sta. Bull. 104: 16-18. 1918. 



457. Moreau, Fernand. Sur le blanchiment des pates a papier colorees par des mycel- 

 iums de champignons. [Bleaching of paper paste colored by fungus mycelium.] Bull. Trimest. 

 Soc. Mycolog. France 34 : 29-30. 1918.— The paper-school at Grenoble reported that the pres- 

 ence of a fungus belonging to the Sphaeriaceae within a paper paste caused a resistance to 

 bleaching with hypochlorites. The author carried out a number of experiments to determine 

 the resisting power of various fungi to bleaching with hypochlorites. In all cases he obtained 

 discoloration of the colored spores or mycelium of the fungi under study; e.g.. the black spores 

 of Rhizopus nigricans. The presence of an excess quantity of black or brown fungi, however, 

 would force the manufacturer to use such large quantities of discoloring material as to 

 impair the fibers of the paste. — Fred C. Werkenthin. 



