220 HORTICULTURE [Bot. Absts. 



1554. Taylor, A. D. Seasons for planting ornamental plants and lawns. Landscape 

 Architecture 9: 141-149. Fig. 1-2. 1919. — Dormant periods of plants and times for seed- 

 ing lawns are discussed under the following heads: (a) deciduous trees, shrubs and vines; 

 (b) evergreen plants (coniferous and broad-leafed); (c) herbaceous perennials; (d) lawn 

 grasses. Reference is made to Bull. No. 10, U. S. Dept. Agric. Div. Biol. Sur., "Life Zones 

 and Crop Zones," Part III. From data taken from this bulletin and at seventeen stations 

 mostly in the eastern half of the United States several zones are determined based upon 

 growing seasons. These are found to depend upon topographical and meterological con- 

 ditions rather than upon lattitude and so are irregular in outline and best explained by a 

 map (fig. 1). The planting periods for northern New England and northern Great Lakes 

 sections include 70 to 80 days, for the great central portion of the country 100 days, for the 

 southern which is above the tropical portions 115 to 160 days. The east and west slopes of 

 the Rocky Mountains and west coast are not fully reported on. Data secured refers mostly 

 to heading (a) although this is thought to apply similarly to conifers if condition of soil moist- 

 ure is sufficient in ground from which they are taken and in which they are planted at time 

 of freezing. Data for broad-leaved evergreens are reported as insufficient. The planting 

 periods for herbaceous perennials will begin later in spring and end earlier in fall. The periods 

 for lawn-making would in most cases be earlier, depending upon the advent of hot dry weather 

 and the return of cooler and more moist conditions. A chart (fig. 2) gives detailed informa- 

 tion of planting periods for woody deciduous plants and for lawn seeding at the following 

 stations: Camden, Maine; Boston; Buffalo; Minneapolis; Toronto; Cleveland; Kansas City; 

 Trenton, New Jersey; Cincinnati; Piedmont, Georgia; Carolina; Virginia coastal plain; 

 Portland, Oregon; Sacramento; Jacksonville, Florida; Florida highlands; San Francisco. — 

 E. Gorton Davis. 



1555. Tokugawa, Yoshichika. Kaki no dasshi ni tsuite. On the de-astringency in the 

 fruit of Diospyros Kaki. [Title in Japanese and English, text in Japanese.] Bot. Mag. 

 Tokyo 33: 41-44. Mar., 1919— See Bot. Absts. 3, Entry 2881. 



1556. Trotjard-Riolle, Y. Radis sauvages et radis cultives. [Wild and cultivated 

 radishes.] Revue Horticole 91:244-245. Fig. 78-81. Mar., 1919.— The possible origin of 

 the radish from the charlock is discussed. The radish-like plants secured when the charlock 

 is cultivated are in reality hybrids between that species and the radish. Several facts which 

 indicate the accuracy of such a conclusion are: (1) If cross pollination is prevented, it is im- 

 possible to secure a transformation of the charlock in four generations. (2) If cross pollina- 

 tion is permitted, radish-like forms may be obtained in the first generation. (3) Such forms 

 are intermediate in character, possess both fertile and sterile pollen grains, and produce a 

 mixed progeny. (4) By controlled crossing radish-like progeny similar in form and behavior 

 are obtained. (5) By preventing cross pollination the radish does not degenerate in several 

 generations, but does so readily if permitted to cross, and in two years it is possible to recover 

 the charlock from one hybrid seed of the radish. Once more it is recalled that it is difficult 

 actually to trace the evolution of any form. The evolutionary hypothesis itself is called into 

 question. — E. J. Kraus.'' 



1557. Van den Heede, Ad. Les Cuphea. Revue Horticole 91:218. Jan., 1919. — A 

 more generous planting of several species of this genus, especially Cuphea -platycentra and 

 C. ignea, is recommended. The plants are propagated either from seeds or cuttings started 

 in the greenhouse and are transplanted to the open ground in May. — E. J. Kraus. 



1558. Van den Heede, A. Les coniferes dans les jardins. [Conifers in gardens.] Revue 

 Horticole 91:279. May, 1919. — The fact is deprecated that conifers are generally regarded 

 as more nearly fitted for cemetery planting than for more general use in parks and gardens. 

 An urgent appeal is made for a more general appreciation of the common as well as the more 

 unusual forms. — E. J. Kraus. 



