278 BOTANICAL EDUCATION [Bot. Absts. 



1917. Kmjerskog-Agersborg, H. P. The teaching of natural science in the primary and 

 secondary schools of Norway. School, and Soc. 9: 673-678. 1919. Abstr. in Brooklyn Bot. 

 Gard. Rec. 8: 147-148. Oct., 1919. — Nature study includes botany, zoology, human physi- 

 ology and hygiene, geography, physics and chemistry. It is taught through each year of the 

 primary school, middle school, and gymnasium and is studied by all pupils. The place, 

 time, and point of view for each of these sciences is given, together with a tabular presentation 

 of the science curricula of the primary and middle schools. — Botany is introduced in the 

 fifth year of the primary school and continues two years. The point of view is generally 

 economic and physiological. In the middle school emphasis is placed upon the classification 

 and life histories of seed plants. Not until the student has reached the gymnasium is biology 

 presented from an evolutionary point of view. Both botany and zoology are presented as 

 laboratory and lecture courses. All students in the gymnasium get some biology, but students 

 in science courses get about twice as much as others. — -This training results in the production 

 of a common body of scientific knowledge in the community, and in a high degree of appre- 

 ciation for natural science. — W. L. Eikenberry. 



1918. Lange, D. Mysteries and revelations of the plant world. Amer. Forestry 25: 

 1273-1280. 14 fig. 1919.— Popular.— Chas. H. Otis. 



1919. Lantes, Adelaide. Como se prepara un herbario. [Preparing an herbarium.) 

 Revist. Agric. Com. y Trab. 2: 454. 1 fig. 1919. 



1920. Martin, John N. Botany for agricultural students. 16 X 24 cm., x + 585 p., 488 

 fig. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: New York, 1919.— See Bot. Absts. 3, Entry 2165. 



1921. McWilliams, C. K. The agricultural short course in the high school. School Sci. 

 Math. 19: 614-618. 1919.— In 1860 one-sixth of United States population resided in towns, in 

 1910 45 per cent lived in cities. As rural population decreases, more machinery is necessary 

 to perform farming operations, demanding more training. Three million farm laborers with 

 an additional million just starting life on farms should be reached through winter short 

 courses. Course in Geneseo Township High School includes soils and crops, horticulture, 

 general science, English; farm mechanics, farm carpentry, general science, English; animal 

 husbandry, farm arithmetic, community civics, English; farm management, business methods, 

 farm accounting, English. Books dealing with specific subjects are preferable to texts on 

 general agriculture. — A. Gundersen. 



1922. Meter, Frank B. The appeal that trees make as memorials. Gard. Chron. Amer. 

 23:166-167. 2 fig. 1919. 



1923. Munz, P. A. The acacia. Nat. Study Rev. 15: 233-237. S fig. Sept., 1919. — 

 Species grown in California. — A. Gundersen. 



1924. Rusby, H. H. The New York Botanical Garden. Pharm. Era 52: 197-200. 5 fig. 

 1919. — The garden contains nearly 400 acres at the upper end of Bronx Park. The physical 

 features of the Garden are described in general terms but the principal theme of this paper is 

 the Economic Garden and the Economic Museum. Typical representatives of the various 

 classes are grown in the garden. The economic specimens occupy the entire ground floor of 

 the Museum; here are kept the drug specimens. Whenever possible these have been properly 

 authenticated by competent botanists, collectors and herbarium specimens from the plant 

 yielding the product. The figures illustrate a view of the Garden, a plan of the Economic 

 Museum, the cases, and the style of label used. The western* half of the upper floor con- 

 tains the experimental and research laboratories, the eastern half the Garden herbarium and 

 that of Columbia University, which together number more than a million and a half speci- 

 mens. The building also houses a library of over 29,000 bound volumes and all current 

 botanical periodicals. Thousands upon thousands of city children make their first acquaint- 

 ance with cultivated crops at the New York Botanical Garden. — O. A. Far-well. 



