324 GENETICS [Bot. Absts. 



2166. Matouschek. [Rev. of: (1) Beijerinck, M. W. De enzymtheorie der erfelijk- 

 heid. — Die Enzymtheorie der Erblichkeit. — (The enzyme theory of heredity.) Versl K. Akad. 

 Wetensch. Amsterdam. 25:1231. 1917. (2) Idem. The enzyme theorie of heredity. Proc. 

 K. Akad. van Wetensch. Amsterdam. 19: 1275. 1917.] Zeitschr. Pflanzenkrankh. 29: 78-79. 

 1919. — See also next following Entry, 2167. 



2167. Matouschek. [Rev. of: (1) Beijerinck, M. W. De enzymtheorie der erfelijk- 

 heid. (The enzyme theory of heredity.) Versl. K. Akad. Wetensch. Amsterdam. 25: 1231. 

 1917. (2) Idem. The enzyme theorie of heredity. Proc. Akad. Wetensch. Amsterdam 19: 

 1275. 1917.] Zentralbl. Physiol. 33:307-308. Jan. 31, 1919.— See also next preceding 

 Entry, 2166. 



2168. McCampbell, C. W. Kansas State Livestock Registry Board. Kansas Agric. 

 Exp. Sta. Insp. Circ. 8. 149 p. 191S. — Contains several reports on the horse breeding indus- 

 try of the country, and in addition a complete record of the registered stallions in the state 

 of Kansas. Out of 5087 stallions registered, 3269 were pure-bred. — Heman L. Ibsen. 



2169. Melin, D. Nagra tankar om mimiery och skyddande likhet med stod af dipterolo- 

 giska studier. [Some thoughts on mimicry and cryptic colors based on dipterological studies.] 

 Entomol. Tidskr. 1918: 239-294. 2 pi. 1918.— In the first part the author deals with differ- 

 ent problems of mimicry, — starting from the color scheme of Poulton. In the second sec- 

 tion he presents his own experiences and speculations. He considers that natural selection 

 does not cause so detailed correspondence of the morphology as the theory of mimicry de- 

 mands. It is generally considered that birds are chiefly effective in natural selection of 

 insects, supposition being that birds avoid "immune" species and are able to discover the 

 slightest differences in the morphology of insects. Neither the first nor the second supposition 

 agrees with observed facts. Against aggressive mimicry by robber flies (asilids) , as the author 

 has demonstrated, is the circumstance that these flies are able to distinguish details of form 

 and color with much greater difficulty than animals of higher classes. — Flies very often hunt 

 flying seed-downs by mistake. — The author considers that "warning colors" do not exist. 

 The Laphria species thus attack ladybirds and other poisonous beetles; the Ichneumonides 

 never spare similar larvae of butterflies, etc. The author's views are summarized as fol- 

 lows: — 1. Mimicry and mimetic analogies depend upon the manner of living and upon exter- 

 nal and internal influences. — 2. Instinct acts in some degree as an influencing power. — 3. 

 Animals which are similar to immune species with bright colors or which agree in color with 

 their surroundings, often will, by this reason, escape enemies. This advantage is however 

 only secondary and without great importance. — 4. Natural selection is therefore not directly 

 produced by living enemies but only by different natural powers. Animals which in form 

 and color react in the best way against the same, become determinative for the species. — 

 K. V. Ossian Dahlgren. 



2170. Mendiola, N.B. An inhibitor in rice. Philippine Agric. 7: 65. 1918. — The author 

 states that, in 1914, Jacobson reported two pink kernels, which he designated as (a) and (b) 

 from a head of a white variety of rice. Upon inbreeding, (a) produced in the first generation 

 100 per cent white kernels, while in the second, 6 per cent red kernels and presumably (al- 

 though it is not stated) 94 per cent white were obtained, while (b) gave in the first genera- 

 tion 100 per cent red and in the second, 24 per cent white and 76 per cent red. (b) Behaved 

 as a simple monohybrid with red dominant over white, but (a) did not. Jacobson did not 

 try to explain the behavior of (a). The author offers two explanations: 1st, that (a) was a 

 monohybrid like (b) but that it failed to exhibit Mendelian ratio on account of the effect of 

 environment. 2nd, there was possibly present in the original kernel an inhibitory deter- 

 miner. That the character red was not absent in the first generation altogether is shown by 

 the fact that it appeared in the second. The partial dominance of red in the second gen- 

 eration may have been due to the presence of an inhibitory determiner which prevented red 

 from manifesting its total potency. — H. B. Brown. 



