356 MORPHOLOGY, ETC., VASC. PLANTS [Bot. Absts. 



author as tending to weaken the absoluteness of the doctrine of recapitulation, stating that 

 "it has been a common morphological fallacy to assume that because the evolution of a 

 selected structure progresses apparently in a given direction the sums of all structures (organ- 

 isms) are moving in a similar direction." — H. C. Cowles. 



2413. Beatjverie, J. [Rev. of: Briquet, J. L'appareil staminal des Composees, struc- 

 ture et fonctions de ses diverses parties. (Structure and function of staminal apparatus in 

 Compositae.) Bull. Soc. Vaudoise Sci. Nat. 51:20S. 1917.] Rev. Gen. Bot. 31:205-207. 

 1919. 



2414. Benedict, R. C. The simplest fern in existence. Amer. Fern Jour. 9: 48-50. 

 S pi., 7 fig. 1919. — Monogramme dareaecarpa Hooker is described as the simplest fern in 

 existence. It is a small epiphytic plant found growing among the mosses on the bark of trees. 

 Each leaf has only one vein and one fruiting line, set in a groove along one side of the leaf. — 

 A comparison is made with the four other species of the genus. — F. C. Anderson. 



2415. Bhide, R. K. Probable material for the study of the experimental evolution of 

 Oryza sativa, var. plena, Prain. Agric. Jour. India 14:494-499. 1919. — See Bot. Absts. 3, 

 Entry 2088. 



2416. Bos, J. Ritzema. Eene eigenarrdige monstruositeit bij een aardbei. [A peculiar 

 monstrosity in a strawberry.] Tijdschr. Plantenz. 25: 193-194. 5 pi., 7 fig. 1919. — A straw- 

 berry fruit is described and pictured, two ovaries of which proliferated to form each a small 

 but perfect flower, borne on a slender pedicel with a few small leaflets at its base on the fleshy 

 receptacle. — H. H. Whetzel. 



2417. Carroll, Franklin B. The development of the chasmogamous and the cleistoga- 

 mous flowers of Impatiens fulva. Contrib. Univ. Pennsylvania Bot. Lab. 4: 144-183. PL 

 55-57. 1919. — The author finds that chasmogamous flowers, which are pollinated by humming- 

 birds and bees, appear in late June and last till early October, and that cleistogamous flowers 

 appear in early June and last through the summer on the lower short side of branches of many 

 plants, under good conditions. Pseudocleistogamous flowers are morphologically chasmog- 

 amous buds self-fertilized at various stages. The seeds produced by the two kinds of flowers 

 are the same in size. The morphology of the flower is discussed, with an account of the de- 

 velopment of the pollen. A detailed embryologic study of the apparatus follows with a con- 

 sideration of pollen tube development, fertilization and embryonic development. — John W. 

 Harshberger. 



2418. Chipplot, J. Sur les cannaux secreteurs de quelques Gesneracees et en particulier 

 de ceux de Monophyllaea Horsfieldii R. Br. [Secretory canals of the Gesneriaceae, particularly 

 those of Monophyllaea Horsfieldii.] Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. Paris 168: 525-527. 1919. — 

 The following genera were examined to determine the presence and location of secretory can- 

 als: Klugia, Gesnera, Cenlrosolenia, Rhytidophyllum, Tydoea, Aeschynanthus, Streplocarpus, 

 Ramondia and Monophyllaea. Rhynchoglossum was not examined. Canals were found only 

 in the stems and leaves of Klugia and Monophyllaea.— -In Klugia Notoniana the stele consists 

 of a circle of woody bundles, with 5 to 7 medullary bundles. The canals occur either at the 

 protoxylem points of the outer bundles or at some distance from the medullary bundles. Only 

 the largest bundles are accompanied by canals. In the main vein of the leaf there are five 

 vascular strands, accompanied by 3 canals, 2 of which are adjacent to primary xylem. In 

 the secondary veins there is a single canal situated in the tissue adjoining three vascular 

 strands. In the adult hypocotyl of Monophyllaea Horsfieldii the condition is similar to that 

 just described. Here the canals accompany the larger bundles of the circle, occurring rarely 

 with the medullary bundles. In the principal vein of the cotyledon the canals arc also asso- 

 ciated with the xylem of the larger bundles; \he central strands never possess canals. In 

 the lateral veins the lower (inferior) groups of bundles are often accompanied by canals: 

 the upper (superior) do not possess them. — The canals contain an oily res'n, yellow in color, 

 and odorless. — F. B. Wann. 



