June, 1920] MORPHOLOGY, ETC., VASC. PLANTS 361 



xylem, and possibly to phloem. The initial multiplication may be started by mechanical 

 or chemical means. The chemical irritation, Hit suffices to cause tissue destruction, may have 

 an ultimate effect similar to mechanical irritation. John It'. Harahberger.\ 



2451. Tison, A. Sur le suspenseur du Trapa natans L. [Onthesuspensor of Trapa natans 

 L.] Rev. Gen. Hot. 31 : 219-228. 1 pi., 5 Jig. 1919. — The suspensor cells in the proembryo of 

 Trapa natans enlarge enormously and push the embryo proper to the l>ase of the embryo sac, 

 which has no endosperm. About the base of the embryo the suspensor forms a circular out- 

 growth; on one side this produces a tongue-like process which establishes intimate union with 

 the nucellar tissue of the chalaza and acts for some time as an absorbing organ. Later the 

 embryo grows and resorbs the large suspensor almost completely. — L. W. Sharp. 



2452. Turrill, W. B. Female flowers in Plantago lanceolata. Jour. Botany 57: 196. 

 1919. — A brief note on the occurrence of several plants in the Kew Gardens with shrivelled 

 and sterile anthers. These are compared with others with aborted stamens described in the 

 Botanical Bulletin (Botanical Gazette) 1: 45. 1876. — K. M. Wiegand. 



2453. Van Wisselingh, C. Bijdragen tot de Kennis van de zaadhuid. Derde bijdrage: 

 Over de zaadhuid der Papaveraceen en Fumariaceen. [Contributions to a knowledge of seed- 

 coats. Third contribution: On the seed coats of the Papaveraceae and Fumariaceae.] Pharm. 

 Weekblad 56 : 849-865. 1 pi. ,5 fig. 1919.— The author found that in the seeds of the different 

 species of Papaveraceae and Fumariaceae under examination the innermost integument and 

 the nucellus are separated by a cuticle, which starts at the site of the embryo. The two 

 inner cuticles are therefore no new formations.— In the ripe seeds these inner cuticles are still 

 present and are still further developed, while the cuticle which covers the epidermis of the 

 seed outside has become weaker and gives no longer reactions characteristic for cork-tissues 

 and cuticles. Sanguinaria is an exception to this rule, since in the ripe seeds the cuticle be- 

 tween the integuments has disappeared. The inner cuticles in the ripe seeds indicate the 

 borders of the integuments. In the ripe seeds cork-tissue has developed in the chalaza 

 which is connected with the inner cuticle. This cuticle together with the cork-tissue form 

 in the ripe seeds a coating around the endosperm and the embryo, which is only slightly per- 

 meable to different substances. — An exhaustive review of the literature on this subject is 

 given. [See also Bot. Absts. 3, Entry 2809.]—//. Engelhardt. 



2454. Van Wisselingh, C. Bijdragen tot de kennis van de zaadhuid. Vierde bijdrage: 

 Over de zaadhuid der Cruciferen. [Contributions to a knowledge of seed-coats. Fourth con- 

 tribution: On the seed-coats of the Cruciferae.] Pharm. Weekblad 56: 1246-1271. PI. 2, 

 fig. IS. 1919— See Bot. Absts. 3, Entries 2453, 2809. 



2455. Waldron, Ralph Augustus. The peanut (Arachis hypogaea) its history, histology, 

 physiology and utility. Contrib. Univ. Pennsylvania Bot. Lab. 4: 301-338. PL 79-80. 1919. 

 —See Bot. Absts. 1, Entry 999; 4, Entry 139. 



2456. Weatherwax, Paul. The ancestry of maize — a reply to criticism. Bull. Torrey 

 Bot. Club 46: 275-278. 1919— See Bot. Absts. 3, Entry 1045. 



2457. Weingart, W. Kleine Mitteilungen. [Minor contributions.] Monatsschr. Kak- 

 teenkunde 29: 18-19. 1919.— See Bot. Absts. 3, Entry 3028, also 3029. 



2458. Youngken, Heber Wilkinson. The comparative morphology, taxonomy, and dis- 

 tribution of the Myricaceae of the Eastern United States. Contrib. Univ. Pennsylvania Bot. 

 Lab. 4: 339-400. PI. 81-90. 1919. — There are five good species of Myricaceae and a hybrid 

 between two of these species along the eastern seaboard of the United States. The evergreen. 

 Myrica cerifera, extends northward as far as Tuckahoe River. New Jersey. Myrica carolin- 

 ensis of wide distribution along the coastal plain is deciduous. The hybrid between these 

 two species {Myrica Macfarlanei) has leaves which are intermediate in duration, shape, thick- 



