368 PALEOBOTANY [Bot. Absts. 



2498. Van der Bijl, Paul A. Observations on a fungus — Oephalosporium Sacchari 

 Butler— which causes a red rot of sugar-cane stems. Union of South Africa Dept. Agric. Sci. 

 Bull. 11. 1919— See Bot. Absts. 3, Entry 2777. 



2499. Waksman, Selman A. Studies in the metabolism of Actinomycetes. (II.) Jour^ 

 Bact. 4: 189-216. 1919.— See Bot. Absts. 3, Entry 2860 and 2883. 



PALEOBOTANY AND EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY 



Edward W. Berry, Editor 



2500. Anonymous. [Rev. of: Henry, A. Woods and trees of Ireland. County Louth 

 Archaeological Journal, 1914.] Jour. Ecol. 7: 105-106. 1919. 



2501. Antevs, Ernst. Die Liassische Flora des Horsandsteims. [Liassic flora of Hor 

 sandstone.] Kgl. Svensk. Vetens.-Akad. Handl. 59: 1-71. 6 pi. 1919. — This interesting 

 flora partially made known from time to time in special papers by Nathorst, Halle and 

 Antevs has attracted special interest as the assemblage containing the branched cycado- 

 phyte, Wielandella, widely known through Nathorst's admirable restoration. The deposits 

 at HSr, long considered of Rhaetic or upper Triassic age and so treated in Wieland's cycad 

 studies, are now referred to the Liassic or lower Jurassic. Their flora, as monographed by 

 the present author, comprises 51 named species besides many fragments and seeds which re- 

 main unnamed. The Equisetales are abundant individually and number 5 species: There 

 are 15 ferns representing the genera Thaumatopteris, Woodwar elites, Clathropteris, Dictyo- 

 phyllum, Gutbiera, Adriania, Cladophlebis, Todites, Sagenopteris, Maraltiopsis and Rhizo- 

 mopteris. It is suggested that Lepidopteris may be a surviving representative of the Pterido- 

 spermophyta. The Cycadophyta enumerated number 17 and include the genera Cycadites, 

 Nilsonia, Pterophyllum, Anomozamites, Wielandiella, Ctenopteris and Stenorrhachis. The 

 genus Lomatopteris is left as either a fern or cycadophyte. Seven Ginkgoales are recorded 

 representing the genera Ginkgo, Baiera and Czekanowskia. The Coniferales number 5 and 

 comprise the genera Sivedenborgia, Pilyophyllum, Podozamites, Schizolepis and Conites. 

 The following 5 species are described as new: Cycadites Blomqvisti, Pterophyllum intermedium, 

 Stenorrhachis dubius, Schizolepis horensis and Conites oblongus. — E. W. Berry. 



2502. Arber, A. The "Law of Loss" in evolution. Proc. Linn. Soc. London, 131: 70-78. 

 1919. — Discusses the non-reversibility of evolution and its bearing on plant phylogeny. The 

 author considers that this is illustrated by the root-like organs of submerged plants like 

 Ceratophyllum and certain Utricularias where these organs are not morphologically roots. 

 Similar explanations are given for the leaves of Alismaceae and Pontederiaceae which are 

 considered as phyllodes. The absence of interfascicular cambium in the monocotyledons is 

 regarded as a case in point, as is the endosperm of the angiosperms, which is considered a 

 new structure and not the morphological equivalent of the prothallial tissue of the lower 

 plants. The morphology of the Naias flower and polystely of Gunnera are also considered 

 as illustrations of this thesis. — E. W. Berry. 



2503. Arber, E. A. N. Remarks on the organization of the cones of Williamsonia gigas 

 (L&H). Ann. Botany 33: 173-179. 5 fig. 1919. — Concludes that these Cycadophyte cones 

 were probably monosporangiate. The female cone was of the familiar conical type, with 

 bracts below and seeds and interseminal scales above. The male cone consisted of bracts, 

 an urn-shaped axis (gonophore) with a partly united whorl of sporophylls, and lacked inter- 

 seminal scales or any sterile infundibular organ. — E. W. Berry. 



2504. Cantrill, T. C, and B. Smith. On a boring for coal at Winterbourne, Gloucester- 

 shire. Mem. Geol. Surv. Summary of Progress for 1918:-53-57. 1919. — List of Carbonif- 

 erous plants found in the bore is given on page 56. 



