384 PATHOLOGY [Bot. Absts. 



of the Secretary of Agriculture. — On account of the occurrence in Australia of flag smut 

 (Urocystis Iritici) and take-all (Ophiobolus graminis) and of the former disease also in India 

 and Japan and of the latter disease also in Italy, France, Germany, Belgium, Great Britain, 

 Ireland and Bra il. seed of the following may not be imported in the raw or uncleaned or 

 unprocessed state into the United States from these countries: Oryza spp., Triticum spp. 

 Avena spp., Ho, leum spp., Secale spp. By special permission importation is allowable after 

 inspection and disinfection at port of entry. — D. Reddick. 



2639. Fisher, D. F. Apple powdery mildew a serious menace to orchards. Better Fruit 

 13 10 :3-6. 6 fig. Apr., 1919. — Abridged from an earlier publication. [See Bot. Absts. 2. 

 Entry 764.] 



2640. Fisher, D. F. factors that influence diseases of apples in storage. Better Fruit 

 14 L : 3. September, 1919 —Diseases alVecting apples in storage are separated by the writer 

 into: (1) parasitic and (2) non- parasitic or "physiological diseases." Those of the first group 

 may be prevented either bv spraying or by careful handling of the crop, depending upon 

 the mode of attack of the causal organism. Non-parasitic diseases are influenced either by 

 cultural or by storage conditions. Consideration is given to nutrition and irrigation as 

 two of the main cultural factors causing physiological diseases of the fruit. Of the various 

 forms of "physiological breakdown" due to storage conditions, scald is given detailed con- 

 sideration. — Brief experimental recor.ls on irrigation investigations and on control of scald 

 are given. — A. E. Murneek. 



2641. Fisher, D. F., and E. J. New comb. Controlling important fungous and insect 

 enemies of the pear in the humid sections of the Pacific Northwest. U. S. Dept. Agric. 

 Farmers' Bull. 1056. 34 p., 18 fig. 1919. 



2642. Foex, Et. Tuberositas du chataign.ei et chancre du rosier. [Chestnut galls and 

 rose canker.] Bull. Soc. Path. Veg. France 6: 68-71. May-June, 1919. — Excrescences on 

 the chestnut, Caslanca vulgaris, apparently of the same nature as those described by Hartig 

 as "Holzkugeln" and "Sphaeroblastes" are reported and the morphological characteristics 

 given. The cause is unknown. — The rose canker had Coniothyrium fuckelii associated with 

 it and this is regarded as the probable cause. — C. L. Shear. 



2643. Foex, Et. Emission et germination des ascopores de Leptosphaeria herpotrichoides. 

 [The discharge and germination of ascospores of Leptosphaeria herpotrichoides.] Bull. Soc. 

 Path. Veg. France 6: 57-61. May-June-. 1919.— See Bot Absts. 4, Entry 1098; also two next 

 following Entries, 2644, 2645. 



2644. Foex, Et. Sur le pietin du ble. [Foot rot of wheat.] Compt. Rend. Acad. Agric. 

 France 5:543-548. 1919.— In the Bassin de Paris and other regions, wheat is found very 

 frequently attacked by Leptosphaeria herpotrichoides, more rarely by Ophiobolus graminis. 

 The former may attack one side of the plant and extend upward one or two nodes, some- 

 times causing the plant to bend over at' or above the surface of the ground. The latter attacks 

 the plant near or below the surface of the ground, usually girdling it. The former produces 

 its perithecia on the stalks as early as May, but they do not have mature spores until the 

 middle of August, the spores being set free from that time on until winter. The perithecia 

 of the Ophiobolus are usually found only on the dead stubble and appear later than those of 

 Leptosphaeria. Cercosporella herpotrichoides was also frequently found, sometimes asso- 

 ciated with the one, and sometimes with the other fungus. Its connection could not be 

 proved with either. The earlier the wheat is sown in the fall the more severely it is attacked. 

 It is mi re severely attacked following beets than after clover or particularly after alfalfa. 

 Sulphate of iron applied to the ground, either before planting the wheat or scattered broad- 

 cast on the snow during the winter, delays the appearance of the disease in the spring, but 

 does rv>t prevent its subsequent rapid spread. [See next preceding and next following Entries, 

 2613, 2645.]—/=:. A. Bessey. 



