396 PATHOLOGY [Bot. Absts. 



2723. Pavarino, L., and M. Turconi. Sull' avvizzimento delle piante di Capsicum 

 annuum L. [A wilt of Capsicum annum.] Atti 1st. Bot. Univ. Pavia II, 15: 207-211. 1918. — 

 New studies are reported on a wilt and rot disease of Capsicum annuum previously studied by 

 Noelli and L. Montemartini and by the latter attributed to Fusarium vasinfectum. A 

 new species of Bacillus (capsici) was isolated from affected portions of plants. The bacteria 

 were found in newl} affected portions of the plant where the Fusarium was not found. Suc- 

 cessful inoculations from pure cultures were made by spraying. The Bacillus is described. — 

 F.M. Blodgett. 



2724. Pavarino, G. L. Alcune malattie delle orchidee causate da bacteri. [Some bac- 

 terial diseases of orchids.] Atti 1st. Bot. Univ. Pavia II, 15:81-88. PL 13. 1918.— Bacteria 

 were isolated from lesions on various orchids. The diseases were reproduced by subepidermal 

 inoculation. Five new species are described as follows: Bacterium cattleya from Cattleya 

 warneri and C. harrisoniae; Bad. krameriani from Oncidium kramerianum; Bad. briosianum 

 from Vam' ! ' i planifolia; Bacillus farnetianus from Oncidium ornithorhynchum and Cattleya 

 crispa; Bacillus pollacii from Odontoglossum citrosmum. — F. M. Blodgett. 



-7' >. Peltier, George L. Snapdragon rust. Illinois Agric. Exp. Sta. Bull. 221:535- 

 548. 6 jig. 1919. — Snapdragon rust, Puccinia antirrhini, "was reported first in this country 

 in 1903 by Blasdale" from California. At the present time it is found practically wherever 

 snapdragons are grown under glass. The fungus attacks seedlings, cuttings and mature 

 plants both outdoors and in the greenhouse. It is confined to a single species of the genus, 

 A. majus. All varieties of the species seem equally susceptible. — From results of experiments, 

 the author concludes "that the fungicides used will neither prevent, check, nor control snap- 

 dragon rust in the greenhouse; it can be further concluded that by watering the soil only, 

 in the bench, and avoiding all syringing, the disease can be held in check better than by the 

 use of fungicides." — Bust is not carried by snapdragon seed, though the lattter be taken 

 from infected seed pods. The disease can, therefore, be eliminated by the propagation of 

 plants from seed —P. A. Lehenbauer. 



2726. Peltier George L. Carnation stem rot and its control. Illinois Agric. Exp. Sta. 

 Bull. 223: 579-607. 5 fig. 1919.— The symptoms, cause and control measures of carnation 

 stem rot. The disease, caused by Rhizodonia solani (Corticium vagum), is responsible for 

 an annual average loss of carnation plants of 2.2 per cent in the greenhouse and 3.25 per 

 cent in the field. Manures, commercial fertilizers and acidity or alkalinity of soil have little 

 influence on growth of fungus. Soil disinfectants such as sulfuric acid, formalin, bordeaux, 

 and copper sulfate are of little value in the control of the disease. Steam sterilization will 

 eradicate the fungus from soil, but upon transplanting carnation plants from field into benches 

 containing sterilized soil the fungus may be again introduced. The disease follows closely 

 temperature and moisture conditions and infection seems to be controlled primarily by the 

 existing soil temperature. Since the optimum temperature for the growth of carnation 

 plants is relatively low (50° to 62° F.) and the optimum temperature for the growth of the 

 fungus relatively high (approximately 86° F.) control measures lie in "a careful watch of the 

 growing conditions of the plants."— P. A. Lehenbauer. 



Till. Pethybridge. G. H. Investigations on potato diseases. Jour. Dept. Agric. 

 Ireland 19:271-292. 2 tig. 1919.— Discusses the 1918 Ireland crop of potatoes (Solanum 

 tuberosum) with specie regard to blight (Phytophthora infestajis) and fertilizer malnutrition. 

 One per cent and 2 per cent Burgundy mixtures have proved of equal value for the control of 

 blitrh+: four applications are profitable; their effect upon yields of resistant varieties varies; 

 they are better when the stronger forms of sodium carbonate are used. Some varieties are 

 resistant to blight but none, so far, to pink rot (Phytophthora erythroseptica) . Disinfection 

 with mercuric chloride, tonnaldehyde, and heat, effective against silver scurf (Spondylo- 

 cladium atrovirens) killed thr tubers, the first agent also spotting them at the lenticels. Heat- 

 ing tul>t>rs did not produce leal roll (oiganism unknown). Pit-rot has been found in Ireland 

 since WO and in England on tubers from storage pits, being characterized by hemispheres 



