No. 1, July, 1920] ECOLOGY, PLANT GEOGRAPHY -11 



ridges. The limit of the continuous forest for 1 his species is then about ISOO meters, and 

 not above. (4) As a practical consequence it is absolutely useless to attempt to reestablish 

 the first forest above 1800 meters upon the north slope of the Pyrenees." — P. I). Slrauabaugh. 



279. Biienciilky, W. E. Buried weed seeds. Jour. Agric. Sri. 9: 1 31. 1918. — A study 

 of the viability of weed seeds, also showing that the weed flora of any given tract of land is 

 closely associated with the recent history of that land; in other words, the origin of such 

 weed seeds is largely local. [See Bot. Absts. 2, Entry 615.) — //. C. Cowl 



280. Burkill, I. IT. The composition of a piece of well-drained Singapore secondary 

 jungle thirty years old. Gardens' Bull. Straits Settlements 2: 145-157. 1919. — An area of 

 about two acres was cleared in a secondary jungle in the "rain forest" of "Malaya." An at- 

 tempt was made to determine the relative abundance of every species present; height and 

 girth measurements were made of trees above thirty feet in height. — S. F. Trelease. 



281. Coker, W. C. A visit to Smith Island [North Carolina]. Jour. Elisha Mitchell ScL 

 Soc. 34: 150-153. PI. 10-1G. Sept., 1918. — Smith's Island is the southernmost point on the 

 North Carolina coast, at the mouth of the Cape Fear River, and is the northernmost locality 

 where Sabal Palmetto occurs in any abundance There are said to be several thousand indi- 

 viduals of this palm there, but a great many were killed by the extreme cold of the winter of 

 1917— IS. The vegetation has a semi-tropical aspect, and the great majority of the trees are 

 evergreen. The paper closes with notes on and two illustrations of Dendrium buxifolium, 

 a rare Ericaceous shrub found on the mainland near by. — Roland M. Harper. 



282. Farrow, E. Pickworth. On the ecology of the vegetation of Breckland. VII. Gen- 

 eral effect of blowing sand upon the vegetation. Jour. Ecol. 7: 55-64. 1 pi. May, 1919. — 

 Continuing the series aready noted (See Bot. Absts. 1, Entry 824) the author reports the 

 details of the manner of sand movement upon a sandy heath, the development of miniature 

 sand blasted cliffs and the unearthing of Call una plants receiving special attention. In the 

 revegetation of bare sand blasted areas Polytrichum piliferum was a common pioneer followed 

 by Cetraria aculeata, Cladonia coccifera and Ceratodon purpureus. In an experimenta quad- 

 rat of bare sand Rumex acetosclla was the chief pioneer soon accompanied by Senecio vulgaris, 

 Cladonia spp., Taraxacum erythrospermum and Galium saxatile, the divergence in the experi- 

 mental quadrat from the ordinary succession being ascribed to the fact that it was protected 

 from rabbits. The reaction of plants to covering with drifted sand was also noted and Agros- 

 tis vulgaris, Festuca ovina, F. rubra, Galium verum, Rumex acetosclla, Thymus serpyllum and 

 Lotus corniculatus were found to be successful in surmounting superficial deposits of sand. 

 —Geo. D. Fuller. 



283. Fernald, M. L. Lithological factors limiting the ranges of Pinus Banksiana and 

 Thuja occidentalis. Rhodora 21: 41-67. 1 fig. Mar., 1919. — A criticism of a recent ecological 

 paper by Hutchinson (Hutchinson, A. H. Limiting factors in relation to specific ranges of 

 tolerance of forest trees. Bot. Gaz. 66:465-493. 7 fig. Dec, 191S. [See Bot. Absts. 4, 

 Entry 190]), especially with regard to what the latter describes as the "anomalous" distribu- 

 tion of Thuja occidentalis, and the "irregularities" and "inconsistencies" in the distribution 

 of Pinus Banksiana. The present author claims that Pinus Banksiana is calciphobous, 

 being found on acid rocks and sands and sometimes in acid bogs. Thuja occidentalis, on the 

 other hand, is calcicolous, being confined mainly to basic soils, all of its outlying stations 

 being in positively calcareous areas. The presence of Thuja in cedar swamps is explained by 

 regarding these habitats as rich in calcium and potassium and so comparable to the "low 

 moors" of Europe. Rev. by Fuller in Bot. Gaz. 68: 149-150. 1919. — James P. Poole. 



284. Foweraker, C. E. [Rev. of: Oliver, W. R. B. The vegetation of Lord Howe 

 Island. Trans. New Zealand Inst. 49:94-161. 7 pi. 1916.] Jour. Ecol. 7: 106-10S. 1919. 



