46 ECOLOGY, PLANT GEOGRAPHY [Bot. Absts., Vol. IV, 



305. Smith, W. G. [Rev. of: Bews, J. W. The grasses and grasslands of South Africa. 

 161 p. Map. 24 fig- Davis & Sons: Pietermaritzburg. 1918. [See Bot. Absts. 2, Entry 7; 



3, Entry 1287.] Jour. Ecol. 7:84-87. 1919. 



306. Taylor, Aravilla. Mosses as formers of tufa and of floating islands. Bryologist 

 22:38-39. 1919. — In certain chalybeate springs Brachythecium rivulare B. & S., assists in 

 the formation of a hard, porous tufa, like that formed by Cratoneuron filicinum in calcareous 

 springs. Near the head of Lake Michigan Campylium stellatum (L.) Bryhn is one of the chief 

 agents in the formation of surface mats and floating islands in the lagoon ponds and "pannes." 

 — Edward B. Chamberlain. 



307. Tullsen, N. The haunts of a naturalist. Amer. Bot. 25: 137-144. 1919.— A popu- 

 lar account of the vegetation in Knox County, Illinois. — W. N. Clute. 



308. Turrill, W. B. Contributions to the flora of Macedonia: I. Kew Bull. Misc. Sup. 

 [London] 1918:249-341. 1918. — The Macedonian flora between Salonika and the Struma 

 Plain and Krusa Balkan is considered ecologically under three divisions: hill and foothills 

 floras, nullah flora, and plain flora. The most striking plant of the hills, which nowhere 

 reach above 1000 meters, is the Kermes oak, Quercus coccifera; this oak constitutes a distinct 

 shrub formation, suggestive of the maqui. Amongst the oaks is an abundant annual flora. 

 The nullahs are gorges or ravines, cut in the solid rock of the hills or in the diluvium of the 

 foothills or plains; by reason of moisture and protection from the sun, they maintain an abun- 

 dant vegetation through the heat of summer. The plains have the best agricultural lands, 

 and these show a rich weed flora, especially since their abandonment during the war. Notes 

 follow, dealing with seasonal succession and floristic affinity. [See Bot. Absts. 2, Entry 



4, Entry 368. Abs. Nature 102:395.]— H. C. Cowles. 



309. Watson, W. The bryophytes and lichens of calcareous soil. Jour. Ecol. 6: 189-198. 

 1918. — A comparative study of the bryophyte and lichen flora of various calcareous substrata. 

 The areas treated include the chalk, the older limestones with ash woods, exposed limestone 

 rocks, limestone grasslands, and limestone pavements. The conclusion is reached that, while 

 there may be some doubt as to the relative importance of physical and chemical soil factors 

 in so far as these influence the distribution of the higher plants, in regard to many bryophytes 

 and lichens there is little question that chemical factors are the more important. Detailed 

 lists of species are given. See also Jour. Roy. Microsc. Soc. 1919: 74. — G. E. Nichols. 



310. Watson, W. The bryophytes and lichens of fresh water. Jour. Ecol. 7:71-83. 

 1919. — A comprehensive summary of the bryophyte and lichen flora characteristic of differ- 

 ent types of freshwater habitat in Britain, with detailed lists, incidental attention being 

 given to seed-plants and algae. Four principal groups are distinguished: the "subformations" 

 (1) of foul waters, (2) of slowly moving waters relatively rich in mineral salts, (3) of slowly 

 moving waters relatively poor in mineral salts, (4) of quickly flowing streams. These are 

 variously subdivided. Bryophytes and lichens are absent in foul waters; they are most 

 abundantly represented along quickly flowing streams, upwards of 250 bryophytes and nearly 

 50 lichens being listed as characteristic of the fourth subformation. Attention is called, 

 among other things, to various structural peculiarities exhibited by species growing in the 

 different types of habitat, and to their distribution with reference to the calcareousness of 

 the water. — G. E. Nichols. 



FLORISTIGS 



311. Alm, Carl G. Bidrag till sodra Norrbottens flora. [Contribution to the flora of 

 south Norrbotten (Sweden).] Svcnsk. Bot. Tidskr. [Stockholm] 13:102-104. 1919.— A list 

 of 78 plants with the localities where each was found. — W. W. Gilbert. 



