No. l, July, 1920] ECOLOGY, PLANT GEOGRAPHY 55 



370. Wbathbrbt, C. A. Long Pond. Rhodora 21: 73 76. Apr., 1919.— An account of 

 a botanizing expedil ion to Long Pond in I be tow n of Thompson, < lonnecl icul , w bere many 

 species not previously reported from that pari of the state were found. James P. Pool 



371. WlLLIB, J. C. The floras of the outlying islands of New Zealand and their distribu- 

 tion. Ann. Botany 33: 267-293. 'jig. 1919. — The scries of studies in which the age-and- 

 area hypothesis was tested in connection with the flora <>f the New Zealand region is here 

 continued with reference to three Bets of outlying islands, the Kermadecs, Chatham* and 

 Aucklands. Assuming the hypothesis to l>e correct the author makes thirty-two predicl ii 

 regarding the constitution and distribution of the floras of these islands. Every prediction 

 is verified when the actual facts are examined. The facts do not support the theory of nat- 

 ural selection. From these results and those of previous studies the conclusion is drawn that 

 the principle of age-and-area is perhaps the chief positive factor in determining the distribu- 

 tion of plants about the globe, the chief negative factor being the action of barriers. A re- 

 statement of the hypothesis is made. — W. P. Thompson. 



372. Wilson, E. II. A phytogeographical sketch of the ligneous flora of Korea. Jour. 

 Arnold Arboretum 1 : 32^3. July, 1919.— An account of the ligneous vegetation of Korea and 

 adjacent islands. The geological formation and its influence on the distribution of the woody 

 plants are described, also the topography of the area in question which comprises 84,17:5 

 square miles. The surface rocks of Korea are granites, metamorphosed pre-Cambrian rocks, 

 palaeozoic rocks, mesozoic limestones, and basalt. The country is very mountainous, and has 

 no extensive plateaus nor plains. The original forest covering has been destroyed over fully 

 two-thirds of the country, extensive forests remaining only in the extreme north. The ele- 

 ments of the flora are mainly boreal in character, and essentially those of North China, Man- 

 churia and Japan; broad-leafed evergreens are almost absent. At least one ligneous genus, 

 Pentactina and a limited number of species are endemic. The flora of the islands of Quelpaert 

 and Dagelet shows closer relationship to that of Japan, with some endemic species on each. 

 Woody plants make up about one-fourth of the phaenogamic flora, which consists of 2832 

 species thus far recorded. The more important and noteworthy trees and shrubs are men- 

 tioned with notes on their general aspect, distribution and economic importance. The lar- 

 gest deciduous tree is Populus Maximowiczii ; Quercus mongolica, Betula Ermanii and Prunus 

 serrulata var. pubescens are the most widely distributed trees. The commonest coniferous 

 trees are Pinus densiflora and P. koraiensis. The author discusses succession of forest growth 

 as exemplified by the forests of Korea. The concluding paragraphs deal with trees and shrubs 

 of economic and ornamental value. — Alfred Rehder. 



373. Wilson, E. H. The Bonin Islands and their l'gneous vegetation. Jour. Arnold Ar- 

 boretum 1 : 97-115. 1919. — After an account of the history of the islands and some remarks on 

 their geological features the author, who spent two weeks on these islands, discusses their 

 ligneous vegetation. Lists of all the trees, shrubs and woody climbers hitherto known from 

 these islands are given, and a list of vernacular names with their botanical equivalents con- 

 cludes the article. — Alfred Rehder. 



FLORISTICS 



374. Chaney, Ralph W. The ecological significance of the Eagle Creek flora of the Colum- 

 bia River gorge. Jour.Geol. 26: 577-592. 4 jig. 1918.— In a preliminary report upon fossil 

 plant material found in the gorge of the Columbia River, in Oregon and Washington, Chaney 

 notes that some 80 species are represented; 75 of these are angiosperms, of which 2 only are 

 monocotyledons. A list of the genera with the number of species in each includes: Ginkgo 1, 

 Pinus 1, Smilax 1, Cyperacites 2, Populus 3, Salix 3, Hicoria 2, Juglans 1, Alnus 1, Carpinus 

 1, Corylus 1, Castanea 1, Quercus 12, Ulmus 2, Planera 2, Magnolia 1, Laurus 2, Platanus 2, 

 Liquidambar3, Crataegus 1, Stercxdia 1, Rhus 1, Ilex 1, Acer 3, and Fraxinus 1.— From a study 

 of this material the author concludes that the climate indicated by this Eagle Creek flora ap- 

 pears to have been somewhat warmer and drier than at present. The length of the epoch is 



