146 HORTICULTURE [Bot. Absts., Vol. IV, 



942. Pknnypacker, John Young. Observations on the beach plum, a study in plant 

 variation. Contrib. Univ. Pennsylvania Bot. Lab. 4:231-269. PL 66-70. 1919.— See Bot. 

 Absts. 4, Entry 701. 



943. Pillai, N. Kunjan. Coconut the wealth of Travancore. Agric. Jour. India 14: 

 60S-628. 1919. — An account is given of the origin of coconut cultivation and the industry in 

 Travancore. It is stated that the greatest possibilities in the improvement of coconut culti- 

 vation in Travacore lie in the method of manuring. — J. J. Skinner. 



944. Robin, J. La culture du Cocotier dans l'ile de Phu-tuc, Cochinchine. [The culti- 

 vation of the coconut palm in Phu-tuc island, Cochinchina.] Bull. Agric. Inst. Sci. Saigon 1 : 

 201-207. 1919. 



945. Scott, W. M., H. C. Hetzel, H. W. Samson, and M. Stockton. Preparation of 

 barreled apples for market. U. S. Dept. Agric. Farmers Bull. 1080. 40 p. H fig. 1919. 



946. Skvortzow, B. W. Notes on the agriculture, botany and zoology of China. Jour. 

 Roy. Asiatic Soc. North-China Branch 50:49-107. PL 1-2, fig. 1-11. 1919— See Bot. 

 Absts. 3, Entry 2462. 



947. Stevens, Neil E. Keeping quality of strawberries in relation to their temperature 

 when picked. Phytopath. 9 : 171-177. 1919. — Observations were made on the keeping quality 

 of strawberries picked early in the morning while still cool and wet with dew as compared to 

 berries picked later in the day when dry and relatively warm. Although most practical grow- 

 ers are prejudiced against picking and shipping wet berries the percentage of sound fruit 

 after three to five days in nearly every case was higher in the fruit picked early in the day. — 

 G. F. Potter. 



948. Tufts, Warren P. Pruning young deciduous fruit trees. California Agric. Exp. 

 Sta. Bull. 313: 113-153. 24 fig. 1919. — The paper is a preliminary report upon the pruning 

 of young deciduous fruit trees. The objective aimed at is to secure better methods of shaping 

 young trees in order to being them into earlier fruiting and to secure larger trees in a more eco- 

 nomical way. The growth of orchard trees has been gauged by the author on trunk circum- 

 ference measurements, since he has found a correlation to exist between trunk circumference 

 and root and top weights. Experiments devised to decide between light and heavy pruning of 

 young trees favor the light pruning with thinning and no heading back, as a means to obtain- 

 ing larger and stronger trees with early fruiting. Summer pruning at any time is considered 

 as devitalizing, whereas, midsummer cutting is more weakening than that done during the 

 early part of the season. The low heading of young trees is recommended. Practical sug- 

 gestions on the shaping of young fruit trees are offered. The methods of pruning and heading- 

 back are amply illustrated. — A. R. C. Haas. 



949. Von Blon, J. L. Jack Frost in the orange country. Sci. Amer. 121 12 : 278-279. 5 fig. 

 1919. — A description is given of the activities of cooperative frost-protective associations and 

 methods of preventing frost damage to orange groves. — Chas. H. Otis. 



HORTICULTURE PRODUCTS 



950. Anonymous. Vanilla curing in St. Kitts. Agric. News [Barbados] 18: 275. 1919. — 

 From experiments carried out by K. E. Kelsick, it appears that: (1) Immersion in hot water 

 is necessary in curing vanilla beans, (2) The best aroma is developed in water at S0°C. and this 

 would therefore appear to be the optimum temperature, (3) The beans must next be sweated 

 (a glass-topped box gave good results) at a temperature of 50°C. until they have a boiled 

 appearance and have lost from 30 to 40 per cent of their weight, (4) After sweating they must 

 be dried slowly at room temperature (30°C.) for about two weeks, (5) Best results are 

 obtained by wrapping the cured beans in waxed paper and packing them in air-tight tins as 

 soon as possible after drying, (6) The beans lose from 70 to SO per cent in weight during the 

 curing process. — J 



